A potential designer drug

3-Fluoroethcathinone (hydrochloride) is a fluorine-substituted synthetic cathinone that has potential for abuse. The physiological and toxicological properties of this compound are unknown. This product is intended for forensic and research applications.

A potential impurity of 4-methylmethcathinone

3-Methylmethcathinone (hydrochloride) is a potential major impurity in preparations of 4-MMC. As an isomer of 4-MMC, it is likely to have psychoactive properties and may itself be marketed as a designer drug. The physiological and toxicological properties of this compound have not been determined. This product is intended for forensic and research applications.

A detection marker for illicit opiates

Meconin, a noscapine metabolite, is a urinary detection marker for illicit opiate misuse. This product is intended for use as a forensic standard.

Peptide sequence: N-terminal acetylated-PGP ·

A major urinary metabolite of PGD₂

PGDM is a major urinary metabolite of PGD₂ with a unique lower sidechain that readily undergoes reversible cyclization. It is used as a biomarker to assess endogenous production of PGD₂.

An internal standard for the quantification of PGDM

PGDM-d₄ contains four deuterium atoms at the 18, 18', 19 and 19' positions. It is intended for use as an internal standard for the quantification of PGDM by GC- or LC-mass spectrometry.

Peptide sequence: PGP ·

The synthetic CB HPLC mixture V (AM series) contains a selection of the most common AM CB receptor agonists. Several of these synthetic CBs have been identified in commercial herbal blends which are being misused as designer drugs. The synthetic CB HPLC mixture is intended to be used for the development of analytical screening methods for the identification of these compounds in such products. Contents: AM630, AM694, AM1220, AM1241, AM2201, and AM2233.

An anti-inflammatory lipid produced by macrophages

7(R)-Maresin 1 (7(R)-MaR1) is a 7, 14-dihydroxy DHA formed from 14S-hydroperoxy DHA supplied exogenously to resident peritoneal mouse macrophages activated with zymosan A. It potently reduces infiltration of neutrophils into the murine peritoneum in zymosan A-induced peritonitis when given intravenously (0.2 ng) and significantly increases phagocytosis of FITC-labeled zymosan A by isolated murine macrophages (0.1-100 nM).

Source: recombinant N-terminal GST-tagged protein expressed in E. coli · M_r: 61.2 kDa ·

A mycotoxin

Alternariol is a mycotoxin, a toxic secondary fungal metabolite, produced by Alternaria molds. It is cytotoxic, fetotoxic, teratogenic, mutagenic, and genotoxic. It induces cytochrome P450 1A1 expression and apoptosis in mouse hepatoma cells (20-40 μM). Alternariol, whose synthesis is inhibited by light, naturally occurs on fruits, vegetables, and cereals, such as apples, tomatoes, and wheat.

Inhibitor of α- and β-glucosidases

Castanospermine is an inhibitor of both α- and β-glucosidases, inhibiting lysosomal and neutral α-glucosidases with K_i values of 0.1 and 10 μM, respectively, and lysosomal and cytosolic β-glucosidases with K_i values of 7 and 40 μM, respectively. It is effective both in vitro and in vivo. Through its effects on glucosidases, castanospermine blocks N-linked glycosylation during post-translational modification of proteins, affecting protein trafficking and cell functions that are dependent on glycosylation, including angiogenesis. Castanospermine also interferes with viral replication and infection that is dependent on glucosidase activity.

Potent inhibitor of PKC and BclXL

Chelerythrine chloride is a potent, cell permeable inhibitor of protein kinase C (IC₅₀ = 660 nM) that does not inhibit tyrosine protein kinases, cAMP-dependent protein kinase, or calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase. Chelerythrine also inhibits BclXL function (IC₅₀ = 1.5 μM) by displacing Bax binding, inducing apoptosis in several cancer cell lines. Chelerythrine can also have PKC-independent effects, activate p38 MAP kinase and JUNK signaling pathways, and induce apoptosis in cancer cells both in vitro and in vivo.

Positional isomer of JWH 210

JWH 210 6-ethylnaphthyl isomer is a positional isomer of JWH 210, having the ethyl side chain at the 6 position rather than at the 4 position of the naphthyl group. The biological activities of this isomer have not been determined. This product is intended for forensic purposes.

A fatty acid amide that protects against ER stress-dependent cell death

Termitomycamide B is a fatty acid isolated from T. titanicus that at a dose of 0.1 μg/ml protects against ER stress-dependent cell death in Neuro2a cells induced by tunicamycin.

Highly selective CB₂ inverse agonist

4-Quinolone-3-carboxamide derivative is a selective, high affinity ligand of the CB₂ receptor, displaying a K_i value of 0.6 nM (K_i >10,000 nM for CB₁) in vitro. At a dose of 6 mg/kg, 4-quinolone-3-carboxamide derivative exhibits antinociceptive activity in a formalin test of nocifensive response in mice. This analgesic affect is not significantly reversed by the CB₂ antagonist AM630 (Item No. 11093), which suggests 4-quinolone-3-carboxamide derivative may behave as an inverse agonist.

A genotoxic food contaminant

Aflatoxin B1 induces transversion of G to T at codon 249 of the p53 tumor suppressor gene. This transversion is common in hepatocellular carcinoma patients living in regions with high levels of aflatoxin contamination. This compound may be used as an internal standard when monitoring foodstuffs for aflatoxin contamination.

Dihydroxy derivative of Aflatoxin B1

Aflatoxin B2 is the dihydroxy derivative of aflatoxin B₁, a naturally occuring mycotoxin and food contaminant that is a likely pathogen that causes hepatocellular carcinoma.

For immunochemical analysis of HMGB1

Antigen: portion of amino acids 25-75 of human HMGB1 · Host: rabbit · Application(s): WB ·

A potential designer drug

2-Fluoroethcathinone (2-FEC) (hydrochloride) is a fluorine-substituted synthetic cathinone that has potential for abuse. The physiological and toxicological properties of this compound are unknown. This product is intended for forensic and research applications.

A potential designer drug

3-Ethylmethcathinone (hydrochloride) is a potential stimulant/entactogen designer drug that is of the amphetamine, phenethylamine, and cathinone chemical classes. It is structurally related to 4-methylmethcathinone (mephedrone), a designer drug that has been detected in products marketed as bath salts, plant food, and tablets. The physiological and toxicological properties of this compound are not known. This product is intended for forensic purposes.

A cell-permeable HDAC inhibitor

Apicidin is a fungal toxin that has broad spectrum activity against Apicomplexan parasites through inhibiting HDAC (IC₅₀ = 0.7 nM). An in vitro activity assay demonstrates apicidin inhibition of HDAC3/NcoR, a class I HDAC, at a much higher potency than for class II HDAC6 (IC₅₀s = 8 and 665.1 nM, respectively. Apicidin exhibits antiproliferative activity against various cancer cell lines (IC₅₀s = 0.13-2.36 μM), and at 0.5 – 2 μM it induces selective changes in p21WAF1/Cip1 and gelsolin gene expression, which control cell cycle and cell morphology, respectively.

A fatty acid amide that protects against ER stress-dependent cell death

Termitomycamide E is a fatty acid isolated from T. titanicus that at a dose of 0.1 μg/ml protects against ER stress-dependent cell death in Neuro2a cells induced by tunicamycin.

A synthetic analog of PGF_2α

Tiaprost is a synthetic analog of PGF_2α that is used in veterinary medicine as an estrus-synchronizing agent. It has also been used to treat endometritis and to induce parturition.