A number of 17-phenyl trinor prostaglandin F2α (17-phenyl trinor PGF2α) derivatives have been approved for the treatment of glaucoma.1,2,3,4 Of these, the ones wherein the 13,14-double bond has been hydrogenated retain relatively good potency, but show a significantly reduced incidence of local irritant side effects.5 Alternatively, it was recently reported that analogs incorporating a 15-deoxy-15,15-difluoro modification also had a favorable ophthalmic activity profile.6 Tafluprost is a 2-series, 16-phenoxy analog of PGF2α with the 15,15-difluoro substitution. Tafluprost (free acid) is a very potent FP receptor agonist, with a Ki of 0.4 nM.6 The ester prodrug forms of tafluprost are also potent ocular hypotensives in monkeys.
1
Woodward, D.F., Krauss, A.H., Chen, J., et al. The pharmacology of Bimatoprost (Lumigan™). Surv Ophthalmol45S337-S345(2001).
2
Abramovitz, M., Adam, M., Boie, Y., et al. The utilization of recombinant prostanoid receptors to determine the affinities and selectivities of prostaglandins and related analogs. Biochim Biophys Acta1483285-293(2000).
3
Sorbera, L.A., and Castañer, J. Travoprost. Drugs Future2541-45(2000).
4
Maxey, K.M., Johnson, J., Camras, C.B., et al. The hydrolysis of bimatoprost in corneal tissue generates a potent prostanoid FP receptor agonist. Surv Ophthalmol47(4)34-40(2002).
5
Resul, B., Stjernschantz, J., No, K., et al. Phenyl-substituted prostaglandins: Potent and selective antiglaucoma agents. J Med Chem36243-248(1993).
6
Takagi, Y., Nakajima, T., Shimazaki, A., et al. Pharmacological characteristics of AFP-168 (tafluprost), a new prostanoid FP receptor agonist, as an ocular hypotensive drug. Exp Eye Res78767-776(2004).
Abramovitz, M., Adam, M., Boie, Y., et al. The utilization of recombinant prostanoid receptors to determine the affinities and selectivities of prostaglandins and related analogs. Biochim Biophys Acta1483285-293(2000).
Resul, B., Stjernschantz, J., No, K., et al. Phenyl-substituted prostaglandins: Potent and selective antiglaucoma agents. J Med Chem36243-248(1993).
Takagi, Y., Nakajima, T., Shimazaki, A., et al. Pharmacological characteristics of AFP-168 (tafluprost), a new prostanoid FP receptor agonist, as an ocular hypotensive drug. Exp Eye Res78767-776(2004).
Maxey, K.M., Johnson, J., Camras, C.B., et al. The hydrolysis of bimatoprost in corneal tissue generates a potent prostanoid FP receptor agonist. Surv Ophthalmol47(4)34-40(2002).
Woodward, D.F., Krauss, A.H., Chen, J., et al. The pharmacology of Bimatoprost (Lumigan™). Surv Ophthalmol45S337-S345(2001).
Sorbera, L.A., and Castañer, J. Travoprost. Drugs Future2541-45(2000).