2-Arachidonoyl glycerol (2-AG) is an endogenous agonist of the cannabinoid receptor 1 (CB1 receptor).1,2 It is present at relatively high levels in the central nervous system and is the most abundant molecular species of monoacylglycerol found in rat brain.1,3 Monoglycerol lipase (MGL) hydrolyzes 2-AG to arachidonic acid and glycerol, thereby terminating its biological actions.4 URB602 is a selective inhibitor of MGL, exhibiting an IC50 of 28 µM for the rat brain enzyme.5 It does not inhibit fatty acid amide hydrolase (FAAH) at concentrations up to 100 µM, or other lipid metabolizing enzymes such as diacylglycerol lipase or cyclooxygenase-2.5,6 Inhibition of 2-AG hydrolysis is associated with enhanced stress-induced analgesia and may represent a novel drug target in pain and stress management.5
1
Stella, N., Schweitzer, P., and Piomelli, D. A second endogenous cannabinoid that modulates long-term potentiation. Nature388773-778(1997).
2
Sugiura, T., Kodaka, T., Nakane, S., et al. Evidence that the cannabinoid CB1 receptor is a 2-arachidonoylglycerol receptor. Structure-activity relationship of 2-arachidonoylglycerol, ether-linked analogues, and related compounds. J Biol Chem2742794-2801(1999).
3
Kondo, S., Kondo, H., Nakane, S., et al. 2-Arachidonoylglycerol, an endogenous cannabinoid receptor agonist: Identification as one of the major species of monoacylglycerols in various rat tissues, and evidence for its generation through Ca2+-dependent and -independent mechanisms. FEBS Lett429152-156(1998).
4
Dinh, T.P., Carpenter, D., Leslie, F.M., et al. Brain monoglyceride lipase participating in endocannabinoid inactivation. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA99(16)10819-10824(2002).
5
Hohmann, A.G., Suplita, R.L., Bolton, N.M., et al. An endocannabinoid mechanism for stress-induced analgesia. Nature4351108-1112(2005).
6
Tarzia, G., Duranti, A., Tontini, A., et al. Design, Synthesis, and strcture-activity relationships of alkylcarbamic acid aryl esters, a new class of fatty acid amide hydrolase inhibitors. J Med Chem462352-2360(2003).
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O=C(OC1CCCCC1)Nc1cccc(c1)c1ccccc1
Background Reading
Sugiura, T., Kodaka, T., Nakane, S., et al. Evidence that the cannabinoid CB1 receptor is a 2-arachidonoylglycerol receptor. Structure-activity relationship of 2-arachidonoylglycerol, ether-linked analogues, and related compounds. J Biol Chem2742794-2801(1999).
Hohmann, A.G., Suplita, R.L., Bolton, N.M., et al. An endocannabinoid mechanism for stress-induced analgesia. Nature4351108-1112(2005).
Tarzia, G., Duranti, A., Tontini, A., et al. Design, Synthesis, and strcture-activity relationships of alkylcarbamic acid aryl esters, a new class of fatty acid amide hydrolase inhibitors. J Med Chem462352-2360(2003).
Dinh, T.P., Carpenter, D., Leslie, F.M., et al. Brain monoglyceride lipase participating in endocannabinoid inactivation. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA99(16)10819-10824(2002).
Stella, N., Schweitzer, P., and Piomelli, D. A second endogenous cannabinoid that modulates long-term potentiation. Nature388773-778(1997).
Kondo, S., Kondo, H., Nakane, S., et al. 2-Arachidonoylglycerol, an endogenous cannabinoid receptor agonist: Identification as one of the major species of monoacylglycerols in various rat tissues, and evidence for its generation through Ca2+-dependent and -independent mechanisms. FEBS Lett429152-156(1998).