FTY720 is a derivative of ISP-1 (myriocin), a fungal metabolite of the Chinese herb Iscaria sinclarii as well as a structural analog of sphingosine. It is a novel immune modulator that prolongs allograft transplant survival in numerous models by inhibiting lymphocyte emigration from lymphoid organs.1In vivo, FTY720 is phosphorylated by sphingosine kinase to the physiologically active phosphoric acid ester.2,3 FTY720 phosphate acts as a potent agonist at four of the sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P) receptors (S1P1, S1P3, S1P4, and S1P5), with IC50 values of 0.2-6 nM.2,3,4
1
Brinkmann, V., Pinschewer, D.D., Feng, L., et al. FTY720: Altered lymphocyte traffic results in allograft protection. Transplantation72764-769(2001).
2
Brinkmann, V., Davis, M.D., Heise, C.E., et al. The immune modulator FTY720 targets sphingosine 1-phosphate receptors. J Biol Chem277(24)21453-21457(2002).
3
Mandala, S., Hajdu, R., Bergstrom, J., et al. Alteration of lymphocyte trafficking by sphingosine-1-phosphate receptor agonists. Science296346-349(2002).
4
Forrest, M., Sun, S., Hajdu, R., et al. Immune cell regulation and cardiovascular effects of sphingosine 1-phosphate receptor agonists in rodents are mediated via distinct receptor subtypes. J Pharmacol Exp Ther309(2)758-768(2004).
Brinkmann, V., Pinschewer, D.D., Feng, L., et al. FTY720: Altered lymphocyte traffic results in allograft protection. Transplantation72764-769(2001).
Mandala, S., Hajdu, R., Bergstrom, J., et al. Alteration of lymphocyte trafficking by sphingosine-1-phosphate receptor agonists. Science296346-349(2002).
Forrest, M., Sun, S., Hajdu, R., et al. Immune cell regulation and cardiovascular effects of sphingosine 1-phosphate receptor agonists in rodents are mediated via distinct receptor subtypes. J Pharmacol Exp Ther309(2)758-768(2004).
Brinkmann, V., Davis, M.D., Heise, C.E., et al. The immune modulator FTY720 targets sphingosine 1-phosphate receptors. J Biol Chem277(24)21453-21457(2002).