Sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P) is a bioactive lipid that exhibits a broad spectrum of biological activities including cell proliferation, survival, migration, cytoskeletal organization, and morphogenesis.1,2,3 It exerts its activity by binding to five distinct G protein-coupled receptors, S1P1/EDG-1, S1P2/EDG-5, S1P3/EDG-3, S1P4/EDG-6, and S1P5/EDG-8.1,2 W140 is an inactive enantiomer of W146, a selective S1P1 antagonist (Ki = 77 nM), that binds to the S1P1 receptor with a Ki of 4.6 µM (2a = W146; 2b = W140 in supplemental material).4 It exhibits no biological activity in vivo and can therefore serve as an effective control compound for experiments involving W146.
1
Takuwa, Y., Takuwa, N., and Sugimoto, N. The Edg family G protein-coupled receptors for lysophospholipids: Their signaling properties and biological activities. J Biochem131767-771(2002).
2
Ishii, I., Fukushima, N., Ye, X., et al. Lysophospholipid receptors: Signaling and biology. Annu Rev Biochem73321-354(2004).
3
Kluk, M.J., and Hla, T. Signaling of sphingosine-1-phosphate via the S1P/EDG-family of G-protein-coupled receptors. Biochim Biophys Acta158272-80(2002).
4
Sanna, M.G., Wang, S., Gonzalez-Cabrera, P.J., et al. Enhancement of capillary leakage and restoration of lymphocyte egress by a chiral S1P1 antagonist in vivo. Nat Chem Biol2(8)434-441(2006).
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CCCCCCc1cccc(c1)NC(=O)[C@@H](N)CCP(=O)(O)O
Background Reading
Takuwa, Y., Takuwa, N., and Sugimoto, N. The Edg family G protein-coupled receptors for lysophospholipids: Their signaling properties and biological activities. J Biochem131767-771(2002).
Ishii, I., Fukushima, N., Ye, X., et al. Lysophospholipid receptors: Signaling and biology. Annu Rev Biochem73321-354(2004).
Sanna, M.G., Wang, S., Gonzalez-Cabrera, P.J., et al. Enhancement of capillary leakage and restoration of lymphocyte egress by a chiral S1P1 antagonist in vivo. Nat Chem Biol2(8)434-441(2006).
Kluk, M.J., and Hla, T. Signaling of sphingosine-1-phosphate via the S1P/EDG-family of G-protein-coupled receptors. Biochim Biophys Acta158272-80(2002).