Valinomycin is a cyclododecadepsipeptide potassium-selective ionophore antibiotic that is isolated from various strains of Streptomyces. The hydrophilic interior is the right size to accommodate the potassium ion, but not other ions, while the hydrophobic exterior allows the complex to pass through the lipid bilayer. Valinomycin induces apoptosis in several cell types, including CHO cells, by stimulating potassium efflux. Apoptotic events produced by valinomycin include phosphatidylserine membrane translocation, caspase-3 activation, and mitochondrial membrane depolarization. 1 Due to the ion-selective nature of valinomycin, it is used in ion-selective electrodes.
1
Abdalah, R., Wei, L., Francis, K., et al. Valinomycin-induced apoptosis in Chinese hamster ovary cells. Neurosci Lett40568-73(2006).
Turchan, J., Pocernich, C.B., Gairola, C., et al. Oxidative stress in HIV demented patients and protection ex vivo with novel antioxidants. Neurology60307-314(2003).
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