Antigen: phosphopeptide corresponding to amino acid residues surrounding the phospho-Ser¹³³ of rat CREB · Host: rabbit · Application(s): WB · It is well known that the control of gene expression involves activation of protein kinase cascades that regulate transcription factors within the nucleus.¹ The cyclic AMP response element binding protein (CREB) is one of the best characterized stimulus-induced transcription factors.² This transcription factor is a component of intracellular signaling events that regulate a wide range of biological functions, from spermatogenesis to circadian rhythms and memory.^3,4 A variety of protein kinases including protein kinase A (PKA), mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs), and Ca2+/calmodulin-dependent protein kinases (CaMKs) phosphorylate CREB at serine 133 (Ser¹³³), and phosphorylation of Ser¹³³ is required for CREB-mediated transcription.^5,6

1 Karin, M., and Hunter, T. Transcriptional control by protein phosphorylation: Signal transmission from the cell surface to the nucleus.. Curr Biol 5 747-757 (1995).

2 Montminy, M. Transcriptional regulation by cyclic AMP.. Annu Rev Biochem 66 807-822 (1997).

3 Shaywitz, A.J., and Greenberg, M.E. CREB: A stimulus-induced transcription factor activated by a diverse array of extracellular signals.. Annu Rev Biochem 68 821-861 (1999).

4 Silva, A.J., Kogan, J.H., Frankland, P.W., et al. CREB and memory.. Annu Rev Neurosci 21 127-148 (1998).

5 Johannessen, M., Delghandi, M.P., and Moens, U. What turns CREB on? Cell Signal 16 1211-1227 (2004).

6 Kornhauser, J.M., Cowan, C.W., Shaywitz, A.J., et al. CREB transcriptional activity in neurons is regulated by multiple, calcium-specific phosphorylation events.. Neuron 34 221-233 (2002).

Karin, M., and Hunter, T. Transcriptional control by protein phosphorylation: Signal transmission from the cell surface to the nucleus.. Curr Biol 5 747-757 (1995).

Silva, A.J., Kogan, J.H., Frankland, P.W., et al. CREB and memory.. Annu Rev Neurosci 21 127-148 (1998).

Kornhauser, J.M., Cowan, C.W., Shaywitz, A.J., et al. CREB transcriptional activity in neurons is regulated by multiple, calcium-specific phosphorylation events.. Neuron 34 221-233 (2002).

Johannessen, M., Delghandi, M.P., and Moens, U. What turns CREB on? Cell Signal 16 1211-1227 (2004).

Montminy, M. Transcriptional regulation by cyclic AMP.. Annu Rev Biochem 66 807-822 (1997).

Shaywitz, A.J., and Greenberg, M.E. CREB: A stimulus-induced transcription factor activated by a diverse array of extracellular signals.. Annu Rev Biochem 68 821-861 (1999).

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