Stearic acid is a long-chain saturated fatty acid that can be derived from either animal fats or vegetable oils. Compared to other long-chain saturated fatty acids that are hypercholesterolemic, experimental diets high in stearic acid (9.3-11.8% of energy) do not raise plasma total cholesterol or LDL-cholesterol concentrations but may slightly reduce HDL-cholesterol concentrations.1,2 Stearic acid can be used as a hardening agent for vegetable oils and due to its negligible effect on cholesterol metabolism may be used as an alternative to modification of fatty acids by partial hydrogenation.3,4
1
Yu, S., Derr, J., Etherton, T.D., et al. Plasma cholesterol-predictive equations demonstrate that stearic acid is neutral and monounsaturated fatty acids are hypocholesterolemic. Am J Clin Nutr611129-1139(1995).
2
Aro, A., Jauhiainen, M., Partanen, R., et al. Stearic acid, trans fatty acids, and dairy fat: effects on serum and lipoprotein lipids, apolipoproteins, lipoprotein(a), and lipid transfer proteins in healthy subjects. Am J Clin Nutr651419-1426(1997).
3
Zock, P.L., and Katan, M.B. Hydrogenation alternatives: effects of trans fatty acids and stearic acid versus linoleic acid on serum lipids and lipoproteins in humans. J Lipid Res33399-410(1992).
4
Sundram, K., Karupaiah, T., and Hayes, K.C. Stearic acid-rich interesterified fat and trans-rich fat raise the LDL/HDL ratio and plasma glucose relative to palm olein in humans. Nutr Metab4(3)1-12(2007).
Formal Name
Octadecanoic acid
CAS Number
57-11-4
Molecular Formula
C18H34O2
Formula Weight
284.5
Formulation
A crystalline solid
Purity
>98%
Stability
2 years
Storage
-20°C
Shipping
Room temperature
in continental US; may vary elsewhere
SMILES
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CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(=O)O
Background Reading
Yu, S., Derr, J., Etherton, T.D., et al. Plasma cholesterol-predictive equations demonstrate that stearic acid is neutral and monounsaturated fatty acids are hypocholesterolemic. Am J Clin Nutr611129-1139(1995).
Sundram, K., Karupaiah, T., and Hayes, K.C. Stearic acid-rich interesterified fat and trans-rich fat raise the LDL/HDL ratio and plasma glucose relative to palm olein in humans. Nutr Metab4(3)1-12(2007).
Aro, A., Jauhiainen, M., Partanen, R., et al. Stearic acid, trans fatty acids, and dairy fat: effects on serum and lipoprotein lipids, apolipoproteins, lipoprotein(a), and lipid transfer proteins in healthy subjects. Am J Clin Nutr651419-1426(1997).
Zock, P.L., and Katan, M.B. Hydrogenation alternatives: effects of trans fatty acids and stearic acid versus linoleic acid on serum lipids and lipoproteins in humans. J Lipid Res33399-410(1992).