Antigen: human TP receptor C-terminal amino acids 323-343 · Host: rabbit · Application(s): FC, IF, and WB · The primary use of this antibody conjugate is for the detection of cellular thromboxane A₂ receptor (TP) by direct immunolabeling methods such as flow cytometry and immunofluorescence microscopy. The antibody has been tested by western blotting after labeling to confirm specificity of results obtained with whole cell staining methods. Thromboxane A₂ (TXA₂) is a potent vasoconstrictor and activator of platelet aggregation. The short half-life of TXA₂ ensures local action whether generated by vascular endothelial cells or by platelets and confers physiologically beneficial or deleterious effects under inflammatory situations.^1,2 TXA₂ elicits its effects via a 7-transmembrane domain G protein-coupled receptor, the TP receptor.³ This receptor can also bind prostaglandin H₂ and isoprostanes and was first cloned from human placenta and the platelet-like MEG-01 cell line.^4,5 The TP receptor is highly expressed in platelets and is relatively less abundant in tissues such as lung, kidney, brain, spleen, thymus, monocytes, uterus, and placenta.^6,7,8,9 The apparent molecular weight for TP receptors has been reported from 37 to 70 kDa, depending on different degrees of glycosylation, however Cayman’s antibody consistently detects the TP receptor at 55 and 64 kDa in platelets, kidney, and Cos-7 cell samples.^10,9,11

1 Cadroy, Y., and Harker, L.A. Platelets, thrombosis, and antithrombotic therapies. 3rd ed. 515-539 (1990).

2 Dogné, J., de Leval, X., Benoit, P., et al. Therapeutic potential of thromboxane inhibitors in asthma. Expert Opin Investig Drugs 11(2) 1-8 (2003).

3 Ellis, E.F., Oelz, O., Roberts, L.J., et al. Coronary arterial smooth muscle contraction by a substance released from platelets: Evidence that it is thromboxane A₂. Science 193 1135-1137 (1976).

4 Janssen, L.J., and Tazzeo, T. Involvement of TP and EP₃ receptors in vasoconstrictor responses to isoprostanes in pulmonary vasculature. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 301(3) 1060-1066 (2002).

5 Armstrong, R.A. Platelet Prostanoid Receptors. Pharmacotherapy 72 171-191 (1996).

6 Namba, T., Sugimoto, Y., Hirata, M., et al. Mouse thromboxane A₂ receptor: cDNA cloning, expression and Northern blot analysis. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 184 1197-1203 (1992).

7 Båtshake, B., Nilsson, C., and Sundelin, J. Structure and expression of the murine thromboxane A₂ receptor gene. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 256 391-397 (1999).

8 Mais, D.E., True, T.A., and Martinelli, M.J. Characterization by photoaffinity labelling of the human platelet thromboxane A₂/prostaglandin H₂ receptor: Evidence for N-linked glycosylation. Eur J Pharmacol 227 267-274 (1992).

9 Takahashi, N., Takeuchi, K., Abe, T., et al. Immunolocalization of rat thromboxane receptor in the kidney. Endocrinology 137 5170-5173 (1996).

10 Wang, G., Zhu, Y., Halushka, P.V., et al. Mechanism of platelet inhibition by nitric oxide: In vivo phosphorylation of thromboxane receptor by cyclic GMP-dependent protein kinase. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 95 4888-4893 (1998).

11 Habib, A., Fitzgerald, G.A., and Maclouf, J. Phosphorylation of the thromboxane receptor α, the predominant isoform expressed in human platelets. J Biol Chem 274 2645-2651 (1999).

Wang, G., Zhu, Y., Halushka, P.V., et al. Mechanism of platelet inhibition by nitric oxide: In vivo phosphorylation of thromboxane receptor by cyclic GMP-dependent protein kinase. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 95 4888-4893 (1998).

Båtshake, B., Nilsson, C., and Sundelin, J. Structure and expression of the murine thromboxane A₂ receptor gene. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 256 391-397 (1999).

Armstrong, R.A. Platelet Prostanoid Receptors. Pharmacotherapy 72 171-191 (1996).

Ellis, E.F., Oelz, O., Roberts, L.J., et al. Coronary arterial smooth muscle contraction by a substance released from platelets: Evidence that it is thromboxane A₂. Science 193 1135-1137 (1976).

Dogné, J., de Leval, X., Benoit, P., et al. Therapeutic potential of thromboxane inhibitors in asthma. Expert Opin Investig Drugs 11(2) 1-8 (2003).

Namba, T., Sugimoto, Y., Hirata, M., et al. Mouse thromboxane A₂ receptor: cDNA cloning, expression and Northern blot analysis. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 184 1197-1203 (1992).

Habib, A., Fitzgerald, G.A., and Maclouf, J. Phosphorylation of the thromboxane receptor α, the predominant isoform expressed in human platelets. J Biol Chem 274 2645-2651 (1999).

Takahashi, N., Takeuchi, K., Abe, T., et al. Immunolocalization of rat thromboxane receptor in the kidney. Endocrinology 137 5170-5173 (1996).

Mais, D.E., True, T.A., and Martinelli, M.J. Characterization by photoaffinity labelling of the human platelet thromboxane A₂/prostaglandin H₂ receptor: Evidence for N-linked glycosylation. Eur J Pharmacol 227 267-274 (1992).

Janssen, L.J., and Tazzeo, T. Involvement of TP and EP₃ receptors in vasoconstrictor responses to isoprostanes in pulmonary vasculature. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 301(3) 1060-1066 (2002).

Cadroy, Y., and Harker, L.A. Platelets, thrombosis, and antithrombotic therapies. 3rd ed. 515-539 (1990).

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