Pterostilbene is a naturally-occurring dimethyl ether analog of resveratrol that is abundant in blueberries. Like resveratrol, pterostilbene acts as a powerful antioxidant, suppresses the synthesis of prostaglandin E2 from lipopolysaccharide-stimulated human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (IC50 = 1.0 μM for pterostilbene, 3.2 μM for resveratrol), and inhibits cell proliferation (IC50 ~60 μM for both compounds).1,2,3 Pterostilbene blocks the activation of ERK1/2, p38 MAPK, and PI3K/Akt signaling pathways, reducing NF-κB and AP-1 transcriptional activation.4,5,6 Through these actions, pterostilbene evokes effects that prevent cancer, inflammation, and diabetes.
1
Rimando, A.M., Cuendet, M., Desmarchelier, C., et al. Cancer chemopreventive and antioxidant activities of pterostilbene, a naturally occurring analogue of resveratrol. J Agric Food Chem503453-3457(2002).
2
Stivala, L.A., Savio, M., Carafoli, F., et al. Specific structural determinants are responsible for the antioxidant activity and the cell cycle effects of resveratrol. J Biol Chem276(25)22586-22594(2001).
3
Hougee, S., Faber, J., Sanders, A., et al. Selective COX-2 inhibition by a Pterocarpus marsupium extract characterized by pterostilbene, and its activity in healthy human volunteers. Planta Med71387-392(2005).
4
Pan, M., Chang, Y., Tsai, M., et al. Pterostilbene suppressed lipopolysaccharide-induced up-expression of iNOS and COX-2 in murine macrophages. J Agric Food Chem567502-7509(2008).
5
Pan, M., Lin, Y., Lin, C., et al. Suppression of heregulin-b1/HER2-modulated invasive and aggressive phenotype of breast carcinoma by pterostilbene via inhibition of matrix metalloproteinase-9, p38 kinase cascade and Akt activation. Evid Based Complement Alternat Med(2009).
6
Pan, M., Chiou, Y., Chen, W., et al. Pterostilbene inhibited tumor invasion via suppressing multiple signal transduction pathways in human hepatocellular carcinoma cells. Carcinogenesis30(7)1234-1242(2009).
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COc1cc(/C=C\c2ccc(O)cc2)cc(OC)c1
Background Reading
Rimando, A.M., Cuendet, M., Desmarchelier, C., et al. Cancer chemopreventive and antioxidant activities of pterostilbene, a naturally occurring analogue of resveratrol. J Agric Food Chem503453-3457(2002).
Stivala, L.A., Savio, M., Carafoli, F., et al. Specific structural determinants are responsible for the antioxidant activity and the cell cycle effects of resveratrol. J Biol Chem276(25)22586-22594(2001).
Pan, M., Chang, Y., Tsai, M., et al. Pterostilbene suppressed lipopolysaccharide-induced up-expression of iNOS and COX-2 in murine macrophages. J Agric Food Chem567502-7509(2008).
Pan, M., Lin, Y., Lin, C., et al. Suppression of heregulin-b1/HER2-modulated invasive and aggressive phenotype of breast carcinoma by pterostilbene via inhibition of matrix metalloproteinase-9, p38 kinase cascade and Akt activation. Evid Based Complement Alternat Med(2009).
Hougee, S., Faber, J., Sanders, A., et al. Selective COX-2 inhibition by a Pterocarpus marsupium extract characterized by pterostilbene, and its activity in healthy human volunteers. Planta Med71387-392(2005).
Pan, M., Chiou, Y., Chen, W., et al. Pterostilbene inhibited tumor invasion via suppressing multiple signal transduction pathways in human hepatocellular carcinoma cells. Carcinogenesis30(7)1234-1242(2009).