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PGE2 is one of the primary COX products of arachidonic acid and one of the most widely investigated prostaglandins. Its activity influences inflammation, fertility and parturition, gastric mucosal integrity, and immune modulation.1,2,3,4 The effects of PGE2 are transduced by at least four distinct receptors designated EP1, EP2, EP3, and EP4.5 Affinity constants (Kd) of PGE2 for these receptors range from 1-10 nM depending on the receptor subtype and tissue.
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1
Willis, A.L., Cornelsen, M. Repeated injection of prostaglandin E2 in rat paws induces chronic swelling and a marked decrease in pain threshold. Prostaglandins 3 353-357 (1973).
2
Jackson, G.M., Sharp, H.T., Varner, M.W. Cervical ripening before induction of labor: A randomized trial of prostaglandin E2 gel versus low-dose oxytocin. Am J Obstet Gynecol 171 1092-1096 (1994).
3
Robert, A., Schultz, J.R., Nezamis, J.E., et al. Gastric antisecretory and antiulcer properties of PGE2, 15-methyl PGE2, and 16,16-dimethyl PGE2. Intravenous, oral and intrajejunal administration. Gastroenterology 70 359-370 (1976).
4
Arvind, P., Papavassiliou, E.D., Tsioulias, G.J., et al. Prostaglandin E2 down-regulates the expression of HLA-DR antigen in human colon adenocarcinoma cell lines. Biochemistry 34 5604-5609 (1995).
5
Coleman, R.A., Smith, W.L., Narumiya, S. Classification of prostanoid receptors: Properties, distribution, and structure of the receptors and their subtypes. Pharmacol Rev 46 205-229 (1994).
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