Prostaglandin F2α ethanolamide (PGF2α-EA) is produced by COX-2 metabolism of the endogenous cannabinoid, arachidonoyl ethanolamide (AEA), found in brain, liver, and other mammalian tissues.1 AEA can be metabolized directly by the sequential action of COX-2 and specific PG synthases to produce ethanolamide congeners of the classical PGs.2,3 PGF2α-EA has also been reported to be biosynthesized by this mechanism when AEA was infused into the lung and liver of living mice. PGF2α-EA is a potent dilator (EC50 = 58 nM) of the cat iris sphincter, which is a model system for testing potential intraocular hypotensive agents.4
1
Bachur, N.R., Masek, K., Melmon, K.L., et al. Fatty acid amides of ethanolamine in mammalian tissues. J Biol Chem2401019-1024(1965).
2
Yu, M., Ives, D., and Ramesha, C.S. Synthesis of prostaglandin E2 ethanolamide from anandamide by cyclooxygenase-2. J Biol Chem27221181-21186(1997).
3
Kozak, K.R., Crews, B.C., Morrow, J.D., et al. Metabolism of the endocannabinoids, 2-arachidonylgycerol and anandamide, into prostaglandin, thromboxane, and prostacyclin glycerol esters and ethanolamides. J Biol Chem277(47)44877-44885(2002).
4
Woodward, D.F., Tang-Liu, D.D., Madhu, C., et al. Prostaglandin F2α (PGF2α) 1-ethanolamide: A pharmacologically unique local hormone biosynthesized from anandamide. 27(2000).
Yu, M., Ives, D., and Ramesha, C.S. Synthesis of prostaglandin E2 ethanolamide from anandamide by cyclooxygenase-2. J Biol Chem27221181-21186(1997).
Woodward, D.F., Tang-Liu, D.D., Madhu, C., et al. Prostaglandin F2α (PGF2α) 1-ethanolamide: A pharmacologically unique local hormone biosynthesized from anandamide. 27(2000).
Bachur, N.R., Masek, K., Melmon, K.L., et al. Fatty acid amides of ethanolamine in mammalian tissues. J Biol Chem2401019-1024(1965).
Kozak, K.R., Crews, B.C., Morrow, J.D., et al. Metabolism of the endocannabinoids, 2-arachidonylgycerol and anandamide, into prostaglandin, thromboxane, and prostacyclin glycerol esters and ethanolamides. J Biol Chem277(47)44877-44885(2002).