8-iso PGF_2α is an isoprostane produced by the non-enzymatic peroxidation of arachidonic acid in membrane phospholipids.^1,2,3 It is present in human plasma in two distinct forms - esterified in phospholipids and as the free acid. The ratio of these two forms is approximately 2:1, with a total plasma 8-iso PGF_2α level of about 150 pg/ml in normal volunteers. In normal human urine, 8-iso PGF_2α levels are about 180-200 pg/mg of creatinine.^1,2 8-iso PGF_2α is a weak TP receptor agonist in vascular smooth muscle.⁴ Conversely, 8-iso PGF_2α inhibits platelet aggregation induced by U-46619 (10⁻⁶ M) and I-BOP (3 x 10⁻⁷ M) with IC₅₀ values of 1.6 x 10⁻⁶ M and 1.8 x 10⁻⁶ M, respectively.³

1 Morrow, J.D., Hill, K.E., Burk, R.F., et al. A series of prostaglandin F2-like compounds are produced in vivo in humans by a non-cyclooxygenase, free radical-catalyzed mechanism. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 87 9383-9387 (1990).

2 Morrow, J.D., Harris, T.M., and Roberts, L.J. Noncyclooxygenase oxidative formation of a series of novel prostaglandins: Analytical ramifications for measurement of eicosanoids. Anal Biochem 184 1-10 (1990).

3 Morrow, J.D., Minton, T.A., and Roberts, L.J. The F2-isoprostane, 8-epi-prostaglandin F_2α, a potent agonist of the vascular thromboxane/endoperoxide receptor, is a platelet thromboxane/endoperoxide receptor antagonist. Prostaglandins 44 155-163 (1992).

4 Kiriyama, M., Ushikubi, F., Kobayashi, T., et al. Ligand binding specificities of the eight types and subtypes of the mouse prostanoid receptors expressed in Chinese hamster ovary cells. Br J Pharmacol 122 217-224 (1997).

Morrow, J.D., Hill, K.E., Burk, R.F., et al. A series of prostaglandin F2-like compounds are produced in vivo in humans by a non-cyclooxygenase, free radical-catalyzed mechanism. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 87 9383-9387 (1990).

Morrow, J.D., Minton, T.A., and Roberts, L.J. The F2-isoprostane, 8-epi-prostaglandin F_2α, a potent agonist of the vascular thromboxane/endoperoxide receptor, is a platelet thromboxane/endoperoxide receptor antagonist. Prostaglandins 44 155-163 (1992).

Kiriyama, M., Ushikubi, F., Kobayashi, T., et al. Ligand binding specificities of the eight types and subtypes of the mouse prostanoid receptors expressed in Chinese hamster ovary cells. Br J Pharmacol 122 217-224 (1997).

Bernareggi, M., Rossoni, G., and Berti, F. Bronchopulmonary effects of 8-epi-PGF_2α in anaesthetised guinea pigs. Pharmacol Res 37 75-80 (1998).

Morrow, J.D., and Roberts, L.J. The isoprostanes: Unique bioactive products of lipid peroxidation. Prog Lipid Res 36 1-21 (1997).

Awad, J.A., Horn, J., Roberts, L.J., et al. Demonstration of halothane-induced hepatic lipid peroxidation in rats by quantification of F2-isoprostanes. Anesthesiology 84 910-916 (1996).

Bachi, A., Zuccato, E., Baraldi, M., et al. Measurement of urinary 8-epi-prostaglandin F_2α, a novel index of lipid peroxidation in vivo, by immunoaffinity extraction/gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. Basal levels in smokers and nonsmokers. Free Radic Biol Med 20 619-624 (1996).

Funk, C.D., Furci, L., Moran, N., et al. Point mutation in the seventh hydrophobic domain of the human thromboxane A₂ receptor allows discrimination between agonist and antagonist binding sites. Mol Pharmacol 44 934-939 (1993).

Morrow, J.D., Frei, B., Longmire, A.W., et al. Increase in circulating products of lipid peroxidation (F2-isoprostanes) in smokers. N Engl J Med 332 1198-1203 (1995).

Praticò, D., Lawson, J.A., and Fitzgerald, G.A. Cyclooxygenase-dependent formation of the isoprostane, 8-epi prostaglandin F_2α. J Biol Chem 270 9800-9808 (1995).

Vacchiano, C.A., and Tempel, G.E. Role of nonenzymatically generated prostanoid, 8-iso-PGF_2α, in pulmonary oxygen toxicity. J Appl Physiol 77 2912-2917 (1994).

Taylor, P.L. The 8-isoprostaglandins: Evidence for eight compounds in human semen. Prostaglandins 17 259-267 (1979).

Svanborg, K., Bygdeman, M., and Eneroth, P. The F and 19-hydroxy F prostaglandins and their 8β-isomers in human seminal plasma: Data on chromatography and mass spectrometry. Biomed Mass Spectrom 10 495-498 (1983).

Fukunaga, M., Makita, N., Roberts, L.J., et al. Evidence for the existence of F2-isoprostane receptors on rat vascular smooth muscle cells. Am J Physiol 264 C1619-C1624 (1993).

Morrow, J.D., Harris, T.M., and Roberts, L.J. Noncyclooxygenase oxidative formation of a series of novel prostaglandins: Analytical ramifications for measurement of eicosanoids. Anal Biochem 184 1-10 (1990).

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8-iso Prostaglandin F2α is available in the following screening libraries:

• Prostaglandin Screening Library I (96-Well)
• Bio-active Lipid I Screening Library (96-Well)