Limit of detection: 80% B/B₀: 65 pg/ml · Sensitivity: 50% B/B₀: 250 ng/ml · The measurement of albumin in urine is well established clinically as an indicator of renal function. Approximately fifty percent of human blood serum protein is albumin. Albumin (human serum) (HSA) has many important physiological functions including maintaining osmotic pressure, buffering pH of the blood, and the transport of hormones, fatty acids, and other molecules throughout the body. Elevated levels of albumin (microalbuminuria and macroalbuminuria) in the urine are an indication of various disease states including diabetic nephropathy, non-diabetic kidney disease, and cardiovascular morbidity and mortality.^1,2,3 Normal urinary HSA levels of adults are less than 30 µg albumin per mg of creatinine. Microalbuminuria is defined as 30-300 µg albumin per mg of creatinine and Macroalbuminuria is defined as albumin levels greater than 300 µg/mg.^4,5 Cayman’s HSA EIA Kit is a competitive assay that can be used for quantification of HSA in urine. The EIA typically displays an IC₅₀ (50% B/B₀) of aproximately 250 ng/ml and a detection limit (80% B/B₀) of approximately 60 ng/ml.

1 Hovind, P., Tarnow, L., Rossing, P., et al. Predictors for the development of microalbuminuria and macroalbuminuria in patients with type 1 diabetes: inception cohort study. BMJ 328 1105-1110 (2004).

2 Damsgaard, E.M., Froland, A., Jorgensen, O.D., et al. Microalbuminuria as predictor of increased mortality in elderly people. Br Med J 300 297-300 (1990).

3 Brinkman, J.W., de Zeeuw, D., Duker, J.J., et al. Falsely low urinary albumin concentrations after prolonged frozen storage of urine samples. Clin Chem 51(11) 2181-2183 (2005).

4 Justesen, T.I., Petersen, J.L.A., Ekbom, P., et al. Albumin-to-creatinine ratio in random urine samples might replace 24-h urine collections in screening for micro- and macroalbuminuria in pregnant woman with type 1 diabetes. Diabetes Care 29(4) 924-925 (2006).

5 Ruggenenti, P., Gaspari, F., Perna, A., et al. Cross sectional longitudinal study of spot morning urine protein: Creatinine ratio, 24 hour urine protein excretion rate, glomerular filtration rate, and end stage renal failure in chronic renal disease in patients without diabetes. BMJ 316 504-509 (1998).

Hovind, P., Tarnow, L., Rossing, P., et al. Predictors for the development of microalbuminuria and macroalbuminuria in patients with type 1 diabetes: inception cohort study. BMJ 328 1105-1110 (2004).

Damsgaard, E.M., Froland, A., Jorgensen, O.D., et al. Microalbuminuria as predictor of increased mortality in elderly people. Br Med J 300 297-300 (1990).

Brinkman, J.W., de Zeeuw, D., Duker, J.J., et al. Falsely low urinary albumin concentrations after prolonged frozen storage of urine samples. Clin Chem 51(11) 2181-2183 (2005).

Justesen, T.I., Petersen, J.L.A., Ekbom, P., et al. Albumin-to-creatinine ratio in random urine samples might replace 24-h urine collections in screening for micro- and macroalbuminuria in pregnant woman with type 1 diabetes. Diabetes Care 29(4) 924-925 (2006).

Ruggenenti, P., Gaspari, F., Perna, A., et al. Cross sectional longitudinal study of spot morning urine protein: Creatinine ratio, 24 hour urine protein excretion rate, glomerular filtration rate, and end stage renal failure in chronic renal disease in patients without diabetes. BMJ 316 504-509 (1998).

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