Butenoyl and butanoyl PAF are both products of the oxidative decomposition of 2-arachidonoyl phospholipids.1 Oxygenation of C-5 of the 5,6 double bond followed by cleavage of the hydroperoxide results in a PAF-like compound with a 4-carbon residue esterified in the sn-2 position; similar oxidized lipid products also act as ligands for oxidized lipid receptors and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor.2 Although butenoyl PAF is 10-fold less potent than PAF as a PAF receptor agonist, it is present in amounts 100-fold greater than enzymatically generated PAF. Therefore, oxidation of LDL phospholipids generates physiologically relevant bioactive PAF-like molecules.
1
Marathe, G.K., Davies, S.S., Harrison, K.A., et al. Inflammatory platelet-activating factor-like phospholipids in oxidized low density lipoproteins are fragmented alkyl phosphatidylcholines. J Biol Chem27428395-28404(1999).
2
Davies, S.S., Pontsler, A.V., Marathe, G.K., et al. Oxidized alkyl phospholipids are specific, high affinity peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ ligands and agonists. J Biol Chem27616015-16023(2001).
Davies, S.S., Pontsler, A.V., Marathe, G.K., et al. Oxidized alkyl phospholipids are specific, high affinity peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ ligands and agonists. J Biol Chem27616015-16023(2001).
Kato, Y., Makino, Y., and Osawa, T. Characterization of a specific polyclonal antibody against 13-hydroperoxyoctadecadienoic acid-modified protein: Formation of lipid hydroperoxide-modified apoB-100 in oxidized LDL. J Lipid Res381334-1346(1997).
Butenoyl PAF is available in the following screening
library: