Miltefosine is an inhibitor of CTP:phosphocholine cytidylyl transferase and has antimetastatic properties.1,2,3 At concentrations of 3 and 25 µM, miltefosine inhibits proliferation of HaCaT cells (immortalized human keratinocyte cell line) by 50% and 94%, respectively.4 The mechanism of action of miltefosine is not well established, but the antiproliferative effect may be mediated by an increase in cellular ceramide which results in apoptosis. Treatment of cells with 25 µM miltefosine results in a 53% increase in ceramide concentration relative to control.4 Miltefosine is more than 90% effective in eradicating visceral infections of Leishmania species (kala azar), although the mechanism of this antiprotozoal activity is also poorly understood.5
1
Geilen, C.C., Wieder, T., and Reutter, W. Hexadecylphosphocholine inhibits translocation of CTP: Choline-phosphate cytidylyltransferase in Madin-Darby canine kidney cells. J Biol Chem2676719-6724(1992).
2
Wieder, T., Geilen, C.C., and Reutter, W. Antagonism of phorbol-ester-stimulated phosphatidylcholine biosynthesis by the phospholipid analogue hexadecylphosphocholine. Biochem J291561-567(1993).
3
Geilen, C.C., Haase, R., Buchner, K., et al. The phospholipid analogue, hexadecylphosphocholine, inhibits protein kinase C in vitro and antagonises phorbol ester-stimulated cell proliferation. Eur J Cancer271650-1653(1991).
4
Wieder, T., Orfanos, C.E., and Geilen, C.C. Induction of ceramide-mediated apoptosis by the anticancer phospholipid analog, hexadecylphosphocholine. J Biol Chem27311025-11031(1998).
5
Sundar, S., Jha, T.K., Thakur, C.P., et al. Oral miltefosine for indian visceral leishmaniasis. N Engl J Med347 (22)1739-1746(2002).
Synonyms
HePC
Formal Name
1-hexadecylphosphorylcholine
CAS Number
58066-85-6
Molecular Formula
C21H46NO4P
Formula Weight
407.6
Formulation
A crystalline solid
Purity
>98%
Stability
1 year
Storage
-20°C
Shipping
Room temperature
in continental US; may vary elsewhere
SMILES
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CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCOP(=O)(O)OCC[N](C)(C)C
Background Reading
Geilen, C.C., Haase, R., Buchner, K., et al. The phospholipid analogue, hexadecylphosphocholine, inhibits protein kinase C in vitro and antagonises phorbol ester-stimulated cell proliferation. Eur J Cancer271650-1653(1991).
Wieder, T., Orfanos, C.E., and Geilen, C.C. Induction of ceramide-mediated apoptosis by the anticancer phospholipid analog, hexadecylphosphocholine. J Biol Chem27311025-11031(1998).
Wieder, T., Geilen, C.C., and Reutter, W. Antagonism of phorbol-ester-stimulated phosphatidylcholine biosynthesis by the phospholipid analogue hexadecylphosphocholine. Biochem J291561-567(1993).
Geilen, C.C., Wieder, T., and Reutter, W. Hexadecylphosphocholine inhibits translocation of CTP: Choline-phosphate cytidylyltransferase in Madin-Darby canine kidney cells. J Biol Chem2676719-6724(1992).
Sundar, S., Jha, T.K., Thakur, C.P., et al. Oral miltefosine for indian visceral leishmaniasis. N Engl J Med347 (22)1739-1746(2002).