Linoleoyl ethanolamide is an endocannabinoid detected in porcine brain and murine peritoneal macrophages which contains linoleate in place of the arachidonate moiety of arachidonyl ethanolamide (AEA).1,2 It has weak affinity for the cannabinoid 1 (CB1) and CB2 receptors, exhibiting Ki values of 10 µM and 25 µM, respectively.3 However, it is only approximately 4-fold less potent than AEA at causing catalepsy in mice (ED50 of 26.5 mg/kg).4 In addition, linoleoyl ethanolamide increases ERK phosphorylation and AP-1-dependent transcription approximately 1.5 fold at 15 µM in a CB-receptor-independent manner.5 However, cellular toxicity is readily apparent at concentrations of 10-20 µM. Linoleoyl ethanolamide inhibits human fatty acid amide hydrolase-dependent hydrolysis of AEA with a Ki value of 9.0 µM, but also is hydrolyzed effectively by the enzyme.6,7
1
Patrono, C., Rotella, C.M., Toccafondi, R.S., et al. Prostacyclin stimulates the adenylate cyclase system of human thyroid tissue. Prostaglandins22(1)105-115(1981).
2
Schmid, P.C., Kuwae, T., Krebsbach, R.J., et al. Anandanide and other N-acylethanolamines in mouse peritoneal macrophages. Chem Phys Lipids87103-110(1997).
3
Lin, S., Khanolkar, A.D., Fan, P., et al. Novel analogues of arachidonylethanolamide (anandamide): Affinities for the CB1 and CB2 cannabinoid receptors and metabolic stability. J Med Chem415353-5361(1998).
4
Watanabe, K., Matsunaga, T., Nakamura, S., et al. Pharmacological effects in mice of anandamide and its related fatty acid ethanolamides, and enhancement of cataleptogenic effect of anandamide by phenylmethylsulfonyl fluoride. Biol Pharm Bull22(4)366-370(1999).
5
Berdyshev, E.V., Schmid, P.C., Krebsbach, R.J., et al. Cannabinoid-receptor-independent cell signalling by N-acylethanolamines. Biochem J36067-75(2001).
6
Maccarrone, M., van der Stelt, M., Rossi, A., et al. Anandamide hydrolysis by human cells in culture and brain. J Biol Chem27332332-32339(1998).
7
Bisogno, T., Maurelli, S., Melck, D., et al. Biosynthesis, uptake, and degradation of anandamide and palmitoylethanolamide in leukocytes. J Biol Chem2723315-3323(1997).
Formal Name
N-(2-hydroxyethyl)-9Z,12Z-octadecadienamide
CAS Number
68171-52-8
Molecular Formula
C20H37NO2
Formula Weight
323.5
Formulation
A solution in ethanol
Purity
>98%
Stability
1 year
Storage
-20°C
Shipping
Room temperature
in continental US; may vary elsewhere
SMILES
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CCCCC/C=C\C/C=C\CCCCCCCC(=O)NCCO
Background Reading
Patrono, C., Rotella, C.M., Toccafondi, R.S., et al. Prostacyclin stimulates the adenylate cyclase system of human thyroid tissue. Prostaglandins22(1)105-115(1981).
Watanabe, K., Matsunaga, T., Nakamura, S., et al. Pharmacological effects in mice of anandamide and its related fatty acid ethanolamides, and enhancement of cataleptogenic effect of anandamide by phenylmethylsulfonyl fluoride. Biol Pharm Bull22(4)366-370(1999).
Berdyshev, E.V., Schmid, P.C., Krebsbach, R.J., et al. Cannabinoid-receptor-independent cell signalling by N-acylethanolamines. Biochem J36067-75(2001).
Lin, S., Khanolkar, A.D., Fan, P., et al. Novel analogues of arachidonylethanolamide (anandamide): Affinities for the CB1 and CB2 cannabinoid receptors and metabolic stability. J Med Chem415353-5361(1998).
Schmid, P.C., Kuwae, T., Krebsbach, R.J., et al. Anandanide and other N-acylethanolamines in mouse peritoneal macrophages. Chem Phys Lipids87103-110(1997).
Maccarrone, M., van der Stelt, M., Rossi, A., et al. Anandamide hydrolysis by human cells in culture and brain. J Biol Chem27332332-32339(1998).
Bisogno, T., Maurelli, S., Melck, D., et al. Biosynthesis, uptake, and degradation of anandamide and palmitoylethanolamide in leukocytes. J Biol Chem2723315-3323(1997).