​The cell cycle is a tightly regulated process of cell growth, DNA replication, and cell division. Progression through the phases of the cell cycle is controlled by cyclins in association with cyclin-dependent kinases (CDKs). Throughout this process, cells encounter several checkpoints designed to detect and correct issues such as DNA damage or improper spindle formation before allowing continuation of the cell cycle. Dysregulation of the cell cycle and checkpoint mechanisms can lead to aberrant proliferation and genomic instability and is often observed in cancer cells.