Oxidative stress occurs when there is an imbalance between the production of chemically reactive species such as reactive oxygen, nitrogen, and sulfur species (ROS, RNS, RSS) and antioxidant defense mechanisms. Uncontrolled oxidation can disrupt redox signaling and cause injury to cellular components like lipids, proteins, and nucleic acids, resulting in irreparable damage and eventual cell death. Use this guide to find the right marker of oxidative stress and detection tool for your application.