An activator of AMPK
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AICAR

Item No. 10010241

Product Insert (PDF)Safety Data Sheet (SDS) (PDF)
Technical Information
Formal Name
5-amino-1-β-D-ribofuranosyl-1H-imidazole-4-carboxamide
CAS Number
2627-69-2
Synonyms
  • Acadesine
  • AICA-Riboside
  • NSC 105823
Molecular Formula
C9H14N4O5
Formula Weight
258.2
Purity
≥98%
Formulation (Request formulation change)
A crystalline solid
Solubility(Learn about Variance in Solubility)
DMF: 10 mg/mlDMSO: 20 mg/mlEthanol: 1 mg/mlPBS (pH 7.2): 2 mg/ml
λmax
268 nm
SMILES
OC[C@@H]1[C@@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](N2C(N)=C(C(N)=O)N=C2)O1
InChi Code
InChI=1S/C9H14N4O5/c10-7-4(8(11)17)12-2-13(7)9-6(16)5(15)3(1-14)18-9/h2-3,5-6,9,14-16H,1,10H2,(H2,11,17)/t3-,5-,6-,9-/m1/s1
InChi Key
RTRQQBHATOEIAF-UUOKFMHZSA-N
Shipping & Storage Information
Storage
-20°C
Shipping
Room temperature in continental US; may vary elsewhere
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    50 mg

    $54

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    100 mg

    $97

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    250 mg

    $216

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    500 mg

    $378

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    Product Description

    AICAR is an activator of AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK).1 It increases AMPK kinase activity in isolated hepatocytes (EC50 = ~500 μM) and reduces HMG-CoA reductase activity and fatty acid and sterol synthesis in these cells. AICAR (0.5 mM) inhibits insulin-stimulated glucose uptake to 62% of control cells and reduces GLUT4 translocation by 2.5-fold in 3T3-L1 adipocytes.2 In astrocyte-enriched glial cells, AICAR (1 mM) prevents increases in protein levels of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), COX-2, and manganese superoxide dismutase (MnSOD) induced by LPS and amyloid-β (Aβ) (25-35) and expression of TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6 induced by LPS and Aβ42.3 AICAR inhibits autophagy in rat hepatocytes (IC50 = 0.3 mM) and induces apoptosis in rat β cells in a concentration-dependent manner.4,5

    WARNING This product is not for human or veterinary use.

    References & Product Citations
    Product Description References

    1. Corton, J.M., Gillespie, J.G., Hawley, S.A., et al. 5-aminoimidazole-4-carboxamide ribonucleoside. A specific method for activating AMP-activated protein kinase in intact cells? Eur. J. Biochem. 229, 558-565 (1995).

    2. Salt, I.P., Connell, J.M.C., and Gould, G.W. 5-aminoimidazole-4-carboxamide ribonucleoside (AICAR) inhibits insulin-stimulated glucose transport in 3T3-L1 adipocytes. Diabetes 49, 1649-1656 (2000).

    3. Ayasolla, K.R., Giri, S., Singh, A.K., et al. 5-aminoimidazole-4-carboxamide-Iβ4-ribofuranoside (AICAR) attenuates the expression of LPS- and Aβ peptide-induced inflammatory mediators in astroglia. J. Neuroinflammation 2, 1-21 (2005).

    4. Samari, H.R., and Seglen, P.O. Inhibition of hepatocytic autophagy by adenosine, aminoimidazole-4-carboxamide riboside, and N6-mercaptopurine riboside. Evidence for involvement of amp-activated protein kinase. The Journal of Biological Chemisty 273(37), 23758-23763 (1998).

    5. Kefas, B.A., Heimberg, H., Vaulont, S., et al. AICA-riboside induces apoptosis of pancreatic beta cells through stimulation of AMP-activated protein kinase. Diabetologia 46(2), 250-254 (2003).

    Product Citations

    Balamurugan, K., Medishetti, R., Kotha, J., et al. PHLPP1 promotes neutral lipid accumulation through AMPK/ChREBP-dependent lipid uptake and fatty acid synthesis pathways. iScience 25, 103766 (2022).

    Cheng, F., da Silva, S.R., Huang, I.-C., et al. Suppression of Zika virus infection and replication in endothelial cells and astrocytes by PKA inhibitor PKI 14-22. J. Virol. 92(4), e02019-02017 (2018).

    Saito, Y., Chikenji, T., Ozasa, Y., et al. PDGFR signaling mediates hyperproliferation and fibrotic responses of subsynovial connective tissue cells in idiopathic carpal tunnel syndrome. Sci. Rep. 7(1), 16192 (2017).

    Júnior, C.R.B., Pantaleão, L.C., Voltarelli, V.A., et al. Combined effect of AMPK/PPAR agonists and exercise training in mdx mice functional performance. PLoS one 7(9), e45699 (2012).