A specialized pro-resolving mediator
Related Products
Isomer(s)
3419817(R)-Protectin D1
Labeled Version(s)
21625Protectin D1-d5
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Protectin D1

Item No. 10010390

Product Insert (PDF)Safety Data Sheet (SDS) (PDF)
Technical Information
Formal Name
10R,17S-dihydroxy-4Z,7Z,11E,13E,15Z,19Z-docosahexaenoic acid
CAS Number
660430-03-5
Synonyms
  • Neuroprotectin D1
  • NPD1
  • PD1
Molecular Formula
C22H32O4
Formula Weight
360.5
Purity
≥98%
Formulation (Request formulation change)
A 100 µg/ml solution in ethanol
Solubility(Learn about Variance in Solubility)
DMF: 50 mg/mlDMSO: 50 mg/mlEthanol: 50 mg/mlPBS (pH 7.2): 0.1 mg/ml
λmax
272, 283 nm
SMILES
CC/C=C\C[C@H](O)/C=C\C=C\C=C\[C@H](O)C/C=C\C/C=C\CCC(O)=O
InChi Code
InChI=1S/C22H32O4/c1-2-3-10-15-20(23)17-12-8-9-13-18-21(24)16-11-6-4-5-7-14-19-22(25)26/h3,5-13,17-18,20-21,23-24H,2,4,14-16,19H2,1H3,(H,25,26)/b7-5-,9-8+,10-3-,11-6-,17-12-,18-13+/t20-,21+/m0/s1
InChi Key
CRDZYJSQHCXHEG-SFVBTVKNSA-N
Shipping & Storage Information
Storage
-80°C
Shipping
Dry ice in continental US; may vary elsewhere
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Certificates of Analysis & Batch Specific Data

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    10 µg

    $142

    Add

    25 µg

    $302

    Add

    50 µg

    $568

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    100 µg

    $1,065

    Add
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    Product Description

    Protectin D1 is a specialized pro-resolving mediator (SPM) synthesized from docosahexaenoic acid (DHA; Item No. 90310).1 DHA is oxidized to 16S,17S-epoxy-protectin, which is converted to protectin D1 enzymatically. Protectin D1 increases phagocytosis of apoptotic polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMNs) by macrophages in a non-phlogistic manner and is generated in vitro during macrophage-apoptotic interactions.2 It enhances phagocytosis in mice after 24 hours, but not at the initiation or peak of inflammation. It also decreases PMN infiltration in a zymosan-induced mouse model of inflammation when administered at a dose of 300 ng per animal. Protectin D1 (200 µg, i.v.) inhibits increases in neutrophil counts in bronchoalveolar fluid (BALF) and lung myeloperoxidase activity in a mouse model of pulmonary injury and inflammation induced by intratracheal LPS instillation.3 It also decreases pulmonary edema and promotes neutrophil apoptosis in BALF.

    WARNING This product is not for human or veterinary use.

    References & Product Citations
    Product Description References

    1. Rodriguez, A.R., and Spur, B.W. Total synthesis of pro-resolving and tissue-regenerative protectin sulfido-conjugates. Tetrahedron Lett. 56(42), 5811-5815 (2015).

    2. Schwab, J.M., Chiang, N., Arita, M., et al. Resolvin E1 and protectin D1 activate inflammation-resolution programmes. Nature 447(7146), 869-874 (2007).

    3. Li, X., Li, C., Liang, W., et al. Protectin D1 promotes resolution of inflammation in a murine model of lipopolysaccharide-induced acute lung injury via enhancing neutrophil apoptosis. Chin. Med. J. (Engl.) 127(5), 810-814 (2014).

    Product Citations

    Roberts, L.M., Schwarz, B., Speranza, E., et al. Pulmonary infection induces persistent, pathogen-specific lipidomic changes influencing trained immunity. iScience 24(9), 103025 (2021).

    Hartling, I., Cremonesi, A., Osuna, E., et al. Quantitative profiling of inflammatory and pro-resolving lipid mediators in human adolescents and mouse plasma using UHPLC-MS/MS. Clin. Chem. Lab. Med. 59(11), 1811-1823 (2021).

    Lin, N., Shay, J.E.S., Xie, H., et al. Myeloid cell hypoxia-inducible factors promote resolution of inflammation in experimental colitis. Front. Immunol. 9(2565), (2018).

    Sasaki, A., Fukuda, H., Shiida, N., et al. Determination of ω-6 and ω-3 PUFA metabolites in human urine samples using UPLC/MS/MS. Anal. Bioanal. Chem. 407(6), 1625-1639 (2015).