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Rac1 is a GTPase that is involved in the regulation of the cell cycle, cell-cell adhesion, motility, and differentiation.1 Rac1 is activated by its interaction with specific guanine nucleotide exchange factors (GEFs). NSC 23766 is a cell-permeable, reversible inhibitor of Rac1 activation by the Rac-specific GEFs TrioN and Tiam 1 (IC50 = 50 μM).2 It has no effect on the closely related GTPases, Cdc42 and RhoA. NSC 23766 has been used to investigate the role of Rac1 in such diverse cellular functions as stem cell mobilization, epithelial cell migration, angiogenesis, leukemia cell migration and growth, and gene expression.3,4,5,6,7
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1. Rac1 GTPase: A "Rac" of all trades. Cell. Mol. Life Sci. 66(3), 370-374 (2009).
2. Rational design and characterization of a Rac GTPase-
3. Rac GTPases differentially integrate signals regulating hematopoietic stem cell localization. Nat. Med. 11(8), 886-891 (2005).
4. Rac1 promotes intestinal epithelial restitution by increasing Ca2+ influx through interaction with phospholipase C-
5. Regulation of endothelial nitric oxide synthase and postnatal angiogenesis by Rac1. Circ. Res. 103(4), 360-368 (2008).
6. Overexpression of Rac1 in leukemia patients and its role in leukemia cell migration and growth. Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 386(4), 769-774 (2009).
7. Tumor endothelial marker 5 expression in endothelial cells during capillary morphogenesis is induced by the small GTPase Rac and mediates contact inhibition of cell proliferation. Exp. Cell Res. 316(3), 412-421 (2010).