3,3'-Diindolylmethane

3,3’-Diindolylmethane (DIM) is a bioactive metabolite of indole-3-carbinol, a phytochemical produced by the breakdown of the glucosinolate glucobrassicin found in cruciferous vegetables. At 10-30 µM, it demonstrates anticancer and chemopreventative effects involving Nrf2 induction of Phase 2 enzymes, promotion of apoptosis, induction of cell cycle arrest, inhibition of cell proliferation, and inhibition of histone deacetylases and DNA methylation activities.^1,2,3 Furthermore, at 0.3 µM DIM was shown to act as a potent radioprotector and mitigator of the effects of ionizing radiation exposure by stimulating an ATM-driven DNA damage-like response and NF-κB survival signaling in cultured epithelial cells.⁴

WARNING This product is not for human or veterinary use.

1. Wong, C.P., Hsu, A., Buchanan, A., et al. Effects of sulforaphane and 3,3'-diindolylmethane on genome-wide promoter methylation in normal prostate epithelial cells and prostate cancer cells. PLoS One 9(1), (2014).

2. Wu, T.Y., Khor, T.O., Su, Z.Y., et al. Epigenetic modifications of Nrf2 by 3,3'-diindolylmethane in vitro in TRAMP C1 cell line and in vivo TRAMP prostate tumors. AAPS J. 15(3), 864-874 (2013).

3. Xu, Y., Zhang, J., Shi, W., et al. Anticancer effects of 3,3'-diindolylmethane are associated with G₁ arrest and mitochondria-dependent apoptosis in human nasopharyngeal carcinoma cells. Oncol. Lett. 5(2), 655-662 (2013).

4. Fan, S., Meng, Q., Xu, J., et al. DIM (3,3'-diindolylmethane) confers protection against ionizing radiation by a unique mechanism. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 110(46), 18650-18655 (2013).