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Malonyl coenzyme A is a coenzyme A (CoA; Item No. 16147) derivative that is used in fatty acid and polyketide synthesis and in the transport of α-ketoglutarate across the mitochondrial membrane.1,2 Malonyl-CoA is formed by acetyl-CoA carboxylase-mediated carboxylation of acetyl-CoA (Item No. 16160).1 Fatty acid synthase catalyzes the NADPH-dependent condensation of malonyl-CoA and acetyl-CoA to produce palmitate. Proliferating human cancer cells upregulate this fatty acid synthesis pathway as a strategy for survival. High levels of malonyl-CoA, achieved through fatty acid synthase inhibition, have been proposed to contribute to cancer cell apoptosis.3 Manlonyl-CoA is exclusively used as the extender unit in the synthesis of bacterial aromatic polyketides.2,4
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1. Mitochondrial fatty acid synthesis and respiration. Biochim. Biophys. Acta 1797(6-7), 1195-1202 (2010).
2. Malonyl-
3. Malonyl-
4. Biosynthesis of bacterial aromatic polyketides. Curr. Top. Med. Chem. 9(17), 1598-1610 (2009).
Serine supplementation suppresses hypoxia-