An active metabolite of tryptophan
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Isomer(s)
11572IOX1
Labeled Version(s)
36306Kynurenic Acid-d5
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Kynurenic Acid (hydrate)

Item No. 16792

Product Insert (PDF)Safety Data Sheet (SDS) (PDF)
Technical Information
Formal Name
4-hydroxy-2-quinolinecarboxylic acid, hydrate
CAS Number
345909-35-5
Synonyms
  • KYNA
Molecular Formula
C10H7NO3 • XH2O
Formula Weight
189.2
Purity
≥98%
Formulation (Request formulation change)
A crystalline solid
Solubility(Learn about Variance in Solubility)
0.1 M NaOH: 1 mg/ml
λmax
217, 247, 341 nm
SMILES
OC(C1=NC2=CC=CC=C2C(O)=C1)=O
InChi Code
InChI=1S/C10H7NO3/c12-9-5-8(10(13)14)11-7-4-2-1-3-6(7)9/h1-5H,(H,11,12)(H,13,14)
InChi Key
HCZHHEIFKROPDY-UHFFFAOYSA-N
Shipping & Storage Information
Storage
-20°C
Shipping
Room temperature in continental US; may vary elsewhere
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Certificates of Analysis & Batch Specific Data

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    500 mg

    $28

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    1 g

    $41

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    5 g

    $143

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    Product Description

    Kynurenic acid is an active metabolite of tryptophan (Item No. 29600 | 31210).1 It is formed from tryptophan via a kynurenine (Item No. 11305) intermediate by kynurenine aminotransferases (KATs). Kynurenic acid is an antagonist of the NMDA and AMPA receptors as well as α7 nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChRs; EC50s = 235, 101, and 7 µM, respectively).2 It is also an agonist of the aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) and G protein-coupled receptor 35 (GPR35; EC50s = 1.4 and 39 µM, respectively). It prevents lesioned hemisphere weight loss in a neonatal rat model of cerebral hypoxic-ischemia induced by carotid artery ligation when administered at a dose of 300 mg/kg.3 Kynurenic acid (1 and 5 mg/ml) is protective against rhabdomere neurodegeneration in the eye in an Htt93Q transgenic Drosophila model of Huntington's disease.4 Levels of kynurenic acid in cerebrospinal fluid are increased in patients with schizophrenia.5

    WARNING This product is not for human or veterinary use.

    References & Product Citations
    Product Description References

    1. Schwarcz, R., Bruno, J.P., Muchowski, P.J., et al. Kynurenines in the mammalian brain: When physiology meets pathology. Nat. Rev. Neurosci. 13(7), 465-477 (2012).

    2. Turski, M.P., Turska, M., Paluszkiewicz, P., et al. Kynurenic acid in the digestive system-new facts, new challenges. Int. J. Tryptophan Res. 6, 47-55 (2013).

    3. Andiné, P., Lehmann, A., Ellrén, K., et al. The excitatory amino acid antagonist kynurenic acid administered after hypoxic-ischemia in neonatal rats offers neuroprotection. Neurosci. Lett. 90(1-2), 208-212 (1988).

    4. Campesan, S., Green, E.W., Breda, C., et al. The kynurenine pathway modulates neurodegeneration in a Drosophila model of Huntington’s disease. Curr. Biol. 21(11), 9611-9966 (2011).

    5. Nilsson, L.K., Linderholm, K.R., Engberg, G., et al. Elevated levels of kynurenic acid in the cerebrospinal fluid of male patients with schizophrenia. Schizophr. Res. 80(2-3), 315-322 (2005).