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Spirolaxine is a long-chain phthalide produced by the fungus S. laxum that has antibacterial properties.1,2 Spirolaxine is a potent anti-H. pylori agent (MIC = 0.2 µg/cm3) with weak activity against E. coli.2,3 Spirolaxine (1-40 µM) inhibits proliferation of endothelial (BMEC, HUVEC) and tumor (LoVo, HL-60) cells in culture.4 B. megaterium and C. echinulate produce hydroxylated metabolites of spirolaxine when given spirolaxine as a substrate.5
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1. Spirolaxine and sporotricale: Two long-
2. Process for preparing spirolaxine and spirolaxine methyl ether. (2000).
3. Phthalides: Distribution in nature, chemical reactivity, synthesis, and biological activity. Prog. Chem. Org. Nat. Prod. 104, 127-246 (2017).
4. Spirolaxine, a fungal metabolite from Sporotrichum laxum: Determination of relative stereochemistry and biological activity in vitro. Proc. Amer. Assoc. Cancer Res. 64(7), (2004).
5. Microbial transformation of spirolaxine, a bioactive undecaketide fungal metabolite from the basidiomycete Sporotrichum laxum. Chem. Biodivers. 4(12), 2772-2779 (2007).