Active • Host: E. coli • AA: 138-179 • Tag: N-terminal His • MW: 28.8 kDa
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STING R224 variant (human, recombinant)

Item No. 23593

Product Insert (PDF)Safety Data Sheet (SDS) (PDF)
Technical Information
Synonyms
  • Endoplasmic Reticulum Interferon Stimulator
  • Stimulator of Interferon Genes
  • TMEM173
Purity
≥70% estimated by SDS-PAGE
Source
N-terminally Histidine-tagged human STING R232, K224R mutant purified from E. coli
Amino Acids
138-379 (N-terminal truncation)
MW
28.8 kDa
Formulation (Request formulation change)
50 mM HEPES, pH 8.0, with 150 mM sodium chloride, and 10% glycerol
Shipping & Storage Information
Storage
-80°C
Shipping
Dry ice in continental US; may vary elsewhere
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    100 µg

    $649

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    Product Description

    STING R224 variant (human, recombinant) contains amino acids 138-379 of the wild-type variant (R232) with lysine 224 substituted with arginine. Stimulator of interferon genes (STING) is a component of the innate immune response that binds to cyclic dinucleotides, which are bacterial second messengers, leading to activation of NF-κB and transcription of immunomodulatory genes, including type I interferon (IFN).1,2,3,4 The R232 variant of STING is the most common variant in the human population, found at a frequency of 57.9% in the 1000 Genome Project.5 The SNP variant H232 is found at a 13.7% frequency. The K224R mutation prevents ubiquitination of STING at position K224, a process which is essential for efficient cytosolic DNA-mediated signaling.6 Therefore, this mutation disrupts optimal STING trafficking, which inhibits TBK1-mediated IRF3 activation but not NF-κB activation.

    WARNING This product is not for human or veterinary use.

    References & Product Citations
    Product Description References

    1. Sun, L., Wu, J., Du, F., et al. Cyclic GMP-AMP synthase is a cytosolic DNA sensor that activates the type I interferon pathway. Science 339(6121), 786-791 (2013).

    2. Wu, J., Sun, L., Chen, X., et al. Cyclic GMP-AMP is an endogenous second messenger in innate immune signaling by cytosolic DNA. Science 339(6121), 826-830 (2013).

    3. Konno, H., Konno, K., and Barber, G.N. Cyclic dinucleotides trigger ULK1 (ATG1) phosphorylation of STING to prevent sustained innate immune signaling. Cell 155(3), 688-698 (2013).

    4. Burdette, D.L., Monroe, K.M., Sotelo-Troha, K., et al. STING is a direct innate immune sensor of cyclic-di-GMP. Nature 478(7370), 515-518 (2011).

    5. Yi, G., Brendel, V.P., Shu, C., et al. Single nucleotide polymorphisms of human STING can affect innate immune response to cyclic dinucleotides. PLoS One 8(10), e77846 (2013).

    6. Ni, G., Konno, H., and Barber, G.N. Ubiquitination of STING at lysine 224 controls IRF3 activation. Sci. Immunol. 2(11), eaah7119 (2017).