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Lyso-globotriaosylceramide is a form of globotriaosylceramide that is lacking the fatty acyl group. It binds to Shiga toxin 1 (Stx1) in the presence of cholesterol and phosphatidylcholine but does not bind Stx2.1 It also reduces viability and aggregation of human neutrophils induced by phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA; Item No. 10008014) when used at concentrations of 50 and 1 μM, respectively.2 Lyso-globotriaosylceramide accumulates in the brain, heart, kidney, liver, lung, and spleen in a mouse model of Fabry disease, a lysosomal storage disorder characterized by a deficiency in the enzyme α-galactosidase A.3 It also accumulates in the urine, kidney, and plasma of patients with Fabry disease.4 Lyso-globotriaosylceramide levels decrease in response to administration of the α-galactosidase inhibitor 1-deoxygalactonojirimycin (migalastat; Item No. 17179) in a transgenic mouse model of Fabry disease. Decreases in plasma and urine concentrations of lyso-globotriaosylceramide have been used as a biomarker for efficacy of enzyme replacement therapy (ERT) and other therapies in the treatment of Fabry disease. [Matreya, LLC. Catalog No. 1520]
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1. Shiga toxin binding to glycolipids and glycans. PLoS One 7(2), e-30368 (2012).
2. Evaluation of synthetic sphingosine, lysosphingolipids and glycosphingolipids as inhibitors of functional responses of human neutrophils. Biochem. J. 266(1), 25-31 (1990).
3. Glycosphingolipid storage in Fabry mice extends beyond globotriaosylceramide and is affected by ABCB1 depletion. Future Sci. OA. 2(4), FS0147 (2016).
4. Migalastat HCl reduces globotriaosylsphingosine (lyso-