Marmesin

Marmesin is a coumarin originally isolated from the mature bark of A. marmelos.¹ Marmesin decreases proliferation and cell invasion induced by fetal bovine serum (FBS) in H1299 non-small cell lung cancer cells (NSCLCs) when used at a concentration of 10 µM.² It decreases VEGF secretion in A549 and H1299 cells and inhibits capillary-like structure formation by human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs). Marmesin also decreases proliferation of U937 human leukemia cells (IC₅₀ = 40 µM).³ It halts the cell cycle at the G₂/M phase, increases the ratio of Bax to Bcl-2 protein, induces apoptosis, and inhibits cell migration. Marmesin reduces tumor growth in a U937 mouse xenograft model when administered at a dose of 30 mg/kg.

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1. Chatterjee, A., and Mitra, S.S. On the constitution of the active principles isolated from the mature bark of Aegle marmelos, Correâ. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 71(2), 606-609 (1949).

2. Kim, J.H., Kim, M.S., Lee, B.H., et al. Marmesin-mediated suppression of VEGF/VEGFR and integrin β1 expression: Its implication in non-small cell lung cancer cell responses and tumor angiogenesis. Oncol. Rep. 37(1), 91-97 (2017).

3. Dong, L., Xu, W.W., Li, H., et al. In vitro and in vivo anticancer effects of marmesin in U937 human leukemia cells are mediated via mitochondrial-mediated apoptosis, cell cycle arrest, and inhibition of cancer cell migration. Oncol. Rep. 39(2), 597-602 (2018).