A thiamine analog and antiprotozoal agent
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Amprolium (hydrochloride)

Item No. 25506

Product Insert (PDF)Safety Data Sheet (SDS) (PDF)
Technical Information
Formal Name
1-[(4-amino-2-propyl-5-pyrimidinyl)methyl]-2-methyl-pyridinium, monochloride, monohydrochloride
CAS Number
137-88-2
Molecular Formula
C14H19N4 • Cl [HCl]
Formula Weight
315.2
Purity
≥98%
Formulation (Request formulation change)
A crystalline solid
Solubility(Learn about Variance in Solubility)
PBS (pH 7.2): 10 mg/ml
λmax
240, 266 nm
SMILES
CC1=CC=CC=[N+]1CC2=C(N)N=C(CCC)N=C2.[Cl-].Cl
InChi Code
InChI=1S/C14H19N4.2ClH/c1-3-6-13-16-9-12(14(15)17-13)10-18-8-5-4-7-11(18)2;;/h4-5,7-9H,3,6,10H2,1-2H3,(H2,15,16,17);2*1H/q+1;;/p-1
InChi Key
PJBQYZZKGNOKNJ-UHFFFAOYSA-M
Shipping & Storage Information
Storage
4°C
Shipping
Room temperature in continental US; may vary elsewhere
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    Cayman Chemical
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    Product Description

    Amprolium is a thiamine analog and antiprotozoal agent that interferes with thiamine metabolism and inhibits carbohydrate synthesis.1,2,3,4 It competitively inhibits thiamine uptake by E. tenella schizonts and by chick host intestinal cells (Kis = 7.6 and 326 μM, respectively).1 It also inhibits hexose formation and pentose utilization ex vivo in isolated lysed rat erythrocytes and in liver, kidney, heart, and intestinal tissue homogenates following dietary administration.2 Amprolium (1,000 ppm in feed) inhibits oocyst output and sporulation of Eimeria maxima, E. brunetti, and E. acervulina in infected chicks.3 It also decreases lesion and oocyst scores and mortality of E. tenella-infected chicks following dietary administration of a 125 ppm dose.4 Amprolium (100 μM) induces apoptosis in PC12 rat adrenal cells and increases the level of cleaved caspase-3.5 Formulations containing amprolium have been used as coccidiostats in poultry processing.

    WARNING This product is not for human or veterinary use.

    References & Product Citations
    Product Description References

    1. James, S. Thiamine uptake in isolated schizonts of Eimeria tenella and the inhibitory effects of amprolium. Parasitology 80(2), 313-322 (1980).

    2. Brin, M. The antithiamine effects of amprolium in rats on tissue transketolase activity. Toxicol. Appl. Pharmacol. 6(4), 454-458 (1964).

    3. Joyner, L.P., and Norton, C.C. The anticoccidial effects of amprolium, dinitolmide and monensin against Eimeria maxima, E. brunetti and E. acervulina with particular reference to oocyst sporulation. Parasitology 75(2), 155-164 (1977).

    4. Abbas, R.I., Manzoor, Z., Munawar, S.H., et al. Anticoccidial activity of hydrochloric acid (HCl) against Eimeria tenella in broiler chickens. Pesq. Vet. Bras. 31(5), 425-429 (2011).

    5. Chornyy, S., Parkhomenko, J., and Chorna, N. Thiamine deficiency caused by thiamine antagonists triggers upregulation of apoptosis inducing factor gene expression and leads to caspase 3-mediated apoptosis in neuronally differentiated rat PC-12 cells. Acta. Biochim. Pol. 54(2), 315-322 (2007).