GABARAPL1 (human recombinant)

GABA_A receptor-associated protein-like 1 (GABARAPL1) is a protein encoded by the GABARAPL1 gene in humans and is a member of the GABARAP family of proteins.¹ It contains a ubiquitin-like core of β-sheets and α-helices, with two additional α-helices at the N-terminus.² The GABARAPL1 gene is expressed in a variety of tissues, including the brain, heart, liver, kidney, and placenta, among others, and the protein is highly expressed in the brain and the lungs.¹ GABARAPL1 interacts with tubulin and the γ₂ subunit of the GABA_A receptor and promotes tubulin polymerization and microtubule formation.¹ It also interacts with the κ-opioid receptor to increase receptor expression in the plasma membrane. GABARAPL1 is involved in autophagy where it interacts with the autophagy cargo adaptor proteins p62 and NBR1 to facilitate degradation of ubiquitinated protein aggregates.^3,1 The GABARAPL1 gene contains potential estrogen regulatory elements, and GABARAPL1 expression is higher in breast adenocarcinoma tumors from lymph node-positive patients that had a lower risk of metastasis. However, GABARAPL1 expression is upregulated in patient-derived triple negative breast cancer (TNBC) tissue and inhibition of its activity in an MDA-MB-231 mouse xenograft model suppresses cell proliferation, tumorigenesis, and metastasis.⁴

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1. Le Grand, J.N., Chakrama, F.Z., Seguin-Py, S., et al. GABARAPL1 (GEC1): Original or copycat? Autophagy 7(10), 1098-1107 (2011).

2. Rozenknop, A., Rogov, V.V., Rogova, N.Y., et al. Characterization of the interaction of GABARAPL-1 with the LIR motif of NBR1. J. Mol. Biol. 410(3), 477-487 (2011).

3. Pankiv, S., Clausen, T.H., Lamark, T., et al. p62/SQSTM1 binds directly to Atg8/LC3 to facilitate degradation of ubiquitinated protein aggregates by autophagy. The Journal of Biological Chemisty 282(33), 24131-24145 (2007).

4. Ran, L., Hong, T., Xiao, X., et al. GABARAPL1 acts as a potential marker and promotes tumor proliferation and metastasis in triple negative breast cancer. Oncotarget 8(43), 74519-74526 (2017).