Quercetin-d₃ (hydrate)

Quercetin-d₃(hydrate) is intended for use as an internal standard for the quantification of quercetin (Item No. 10005169) by GC- or LC-MS. Quercetin is an abundant flavonoid that has been isolated from a variety of plants and has diverse biological activities, including antioxidant, anticancer, and anti-inflammatory properties.^1,2,3 Quercetin (5-100 mg/kg) reduces autophagy, decreases the levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and malondialdehyde (MDA) content, and increases total antioxidant capacity in the kidney in a mouse model of cadmium-induced autophagy.² It reduces tumor growth, induces apoptosis, and halts the cell cycle at the G₁ phase in an HL60 mouse xenograft model when administered at a dose of 120 mg/kg every four days.¹ Quercetin (30 µM) also inhibits histamine release from antigen-stimulated RBL-2H3 cells and decreases the expression of TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6, and IL-8 induced by PMACI in HMC-1 cells.³

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1. Calgarotto, A.K., Maso, V., Junior, G.C.F., et al. Antitumor activities of quercetin and green tea in xenografts of human leukemia HL60 cells. Sci. Rep. 8(1), 3459 (2018).

2. Yuan, Y., Ma, S., Qi, Y., et al. Quercetin inhibited cadmium-induced autophagy in the mouse kidney via inhibition of oxidative stress. J. Toxicol. Pathol. 29(4), 247-252 (2016).

3. Park, H.H., Lee, S., Son, H.Y., et al. Flavonoids inhibit histamine release and expression of proinflammatory cytokines in mast cells. Arch. Pharm. Res. 31(10), 1303-1311 (2008).