Astilbin

Astilbin is a flavonoid that has been found in S. glabra and has diverse biological activities.^1,2,3 It inhibits cisplatin-induced increases in apoptosis and accumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in HEK293 cells when used at a concentration of 200 μM.¹ Astilbin (50 mg/kg) increases renal glutathione (GSH) levels and superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase activity and reduces serum creatinine and blood urea nitrogen (BUN) levels, renal IL-1β, IL-6, and TNF-α levels, apoptosis in kidney tissue, and kidney injury in a mouse model of cisplatin-induced nephrotoxicity. It reduces loss of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra and increases striatal GSH levels and SOD activity in a mouse model of MPTP-induced Parkinson's disease when administered at a dose of 50 mg/kg per day.² Astilbin also reduces descent time in a pole test and increases traction test score in a mouse model of Parkinson's disease, indicating reduced motor deficits. It reduces cell viability of MDA-MB-231 and MCF-7 cells (IC₅₀s = 167.9 and 191.6 μM, respectively), as well as inhibits migration and increases apoptosis when used at concentrations of 50 and 200 μM.³ Astilbin (20 mg/kg every other day for 14 days) reduces tumor growth in an MCF-7 mouse xenograft model.

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1. Wang, S.-w., Xu, Y., Weng, Y.-y., et al. Astilbin ameliorates cisplatin-induced nephrotoxicity through reducing oxidative stress and inflammation. Food Chem. Toxicol. 114, 227-236 (2018).

2. Zhu, Y.-L., Sun, M.-F., Jia, X.-B., et al. Neuroprotective effects of Astilbin on MPTP-induced Parkinson’s disease mice: Glial reaction, α-synuclein expression and oxidative stress. Int. Immunopharmacol. 66, 19-27 (2019).

3. Sun, X., Zhang, H., Zhang, Y., et al. Caspase-dependent mitochondrial apoptotic pathway is involved in astilbin-mediated cytotoxicity in breast carcinoma cells. Oncol. Rep. 40(4), 2278-2286 (2018).