PD-L2 Extracellular Domain (human, recombinant)

Programmed cell death 1 ligand 2 (PD-L2), also known as B7-DC and CD273, is a B7 family protein that is involved in regulation and attenuation of the adaptive immune response.^1,2 It is a 273-amino acid type I transmembrane protein encoded by the PDCD1LG2 gene in humans and is comprised of a 221-amino acid extracellular domain consisting of a signal peptide, an IgV-like domain, and an IgC-like domain, a transmembrane domain, and a cytoplasmic domain.^3,4 PD-L2 is expressed in dendritic cells and macrophages and is induced by IL-4 and IFN-γ.¹ Binding of PD-L2 to its receptor, programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1), suppresses T cell proliferation and cytokine production.² PD-L2 is also expressed in a variety of tumor types, and elevated expression of PD-L2 in tumor tissue is associated with decreased overall survival in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma.^5,6 Cayman's PD-L2 Extracellular Domain (human, recombinant) protein can be used for ELISA and binding assay applications. This protein consists of 211 amino acids, has a calculated molecular weight of 24 kDa, an a predicted N-terminus of Leu20 after signal peptide cleavage. By SDS-PAGE, under reducing conditions, the apparent molecular mass of the protein is 40 to 45 kDa due to glycosylation.

WARNING This product is not for human or veterinary use.

1. del Rio, M.L., Buhler, L., Gibbons, C.E., et al. PD-1/PD-L1, PD-1/PD-L2, and other co-inhibitory signaling pathways in transplantation. Transpl. Int. 21(11), 1015-1028 (2008).

2. Riley, J.L. PD-1 signaling in primary T cells. Immunol. Rev. 229(1), 114-125 (2009).

3. Yao, Q., Fischer, K.P., Tyrrell, D.L., et al. The Pekin duck programmed death ligand-2: cDNA cloning, genomic structure, molecular characterization and expression analysis. Biochem. Biophys. Rep. 13, 116-122 (2018).

4. Keir, M.E., Butte, M.J., Freeman, G.J., et al. PD-1 and its ligands in tolerance and immunity. Annu. Rev. Immunol. 26, 677-704 (2008).

5. Yearley, J.H., Gibson, C., Yu, N., et al. PD-L2 expression in human tumors: Relevance to anti-PD-1 therapy in cancer. Clin. Cancer Res. 23(12), 3158-3167 (2017).

6. Jung, H.I., Jeong, D., Ji, S., et al. Overexpression of PD-L1 and PD-L2 is associated with poor prognosis in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma. Cancer Res. Treat. 49(1), 246-254 (2017).