Polar Lipid Mixture (egg, ovine)

Polar lipids, such as phosphatidylethanolamine and phosphatidylcholine, are amphiphilic cell membrane lipids essential for cellular function, while cholesterol is a membrane lipid important for fluidity, permeability, and membrane organization.¹ Phosphatidylethanolamine is the most abundant phospholipid in prokaryotes and the second most abundant found in the membrane of mammalian, plant, and yeast cells, comprising approximately 25% of total mammalian phospholipids.² Phosphatidylcholine is the most abundant phospholipid in mammalian, plant, and yeast cells.³ It is found mainly in the outer leaflet of cell membranes and can make up approximately half of the total phospholipids.⁴ In mammalian tissues, phosphatidylcholine commonly contains a saturated and unsaturated fatty acid at the C-1 and C-2 positions of glycerol, respectively. It is a substrate for various enzymes and has a role in cell signaling. Lysophosphatidylcholines are produced by hydrolysis of a fatty acid in phosphatidylcholine.⁵ They have effects on a variety of cell types, including smooth muscle cells, endothelial cells, T lymphocytes, monocytes, and macrophages among others. Lysophosphatidylcholines are a major phospholipid component of oxidized low-density lipoprotein (ox-LDL), and they accumulate in animal models of atherosclerosis. Cholesterol is a major sterol produced in mammalian cells that is required for cell viability and proliferation.¹ It is a component of mammalian cell membranes that interacts with membrane phospholipids, sphingolipids, and proteins to influence their properties. Polar Lipid Mixture (egg, ovine) contains cholesterol and both hydroxy- and non-hydroxy phosphatidylethanolamines, phosphatidylcholines, and lysophosphatidylcholines. It is intended for use as a reference standard for the detection of these polar lipids in various sample types by TLC or LC-MS. This mixture is supplied in an amber ampule in which the headspace has been purged with argon to prevent lipid oxidation. [Matreya, LLC. Catalog No. 1127]

WARNING This product is not for human or veterinary use.

1. Ohvo-Rekilä, H., Ramstedt, B., Leppimäki, P., et al. Cholesterol interactions with phospholipids in membranes. Prog. Lipid Res. 41(1), 66-97 (2002).

2. Vance, J.E., and Tasseva, G. Formation and function of phosphatidylserine and phosphatidylethanolamine in mammalian cells. Biochim. Biophys. Acta 1831(3), 543-554 (2013).

3. Vance, J.E. Phosphatidylserine and phosphatidylethanolamine in mammalian cells: Two metabolically related aminophospholipids. J. Lipid Res. 49(7), 1377-1387 (2008).

4. Billah, M.M., and Anthes, J.C. The regulation and cellular functions of phosphatidylcholine hydrolysis. Biochem J. 269(2), 281-291 (1990).

5. Matsumoto, T., Kobayashi, T., and Kamata, K. Role of lysophosphatidylcholine (LPC) in atherosclerosis. Curr. Med. Chem. 14(30), 3209-3220 (2007).