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Eicosapentaenoic acid 1,2,3,4,5-13C (EPA 1,2,3,4,5-13C) is intended for use as an internal standard for the quantification of EPA (Item Nos. 90110 | 90110.1 | 21908) by GC- or LC-MS. EPA is an ω-3, polyunsaturated fatty acid that has been found in fish oil.1 It inhibits RANKL-induced increases in TNF-α levels in RAW 264.7 cells when used at concentrations of 50 and 100 µM.2 EPA (65 pM) reduces thrombin-induced aggregation of, and increases thromboxane 3 (TXA3) levels in, platelets from isolated human platelet-rich plasma.3 It reduces RANKL-induced TGF-β receptor-associated protein 1 (TRAP1) stimulation of osteoclast differentiation in RAW 264.7 cells when used at concentrations of 50 and 100 µM and decreases RANKL-induced bone resorption in RAW 264.7 cells at 50 µM.2 EPA (50 µg/ml) decreases aspartate aminotransferase activity in dogs.4 It prevents reductions in brain perfusion and increases in cortical and striatal infarct volumes, as well as improves lateral coordination and posture, in a rat model of ischemia and reperfusion when administered at a dose of 100 mg/kg per day.5
WARNING This product is not for human or veterinary use.
1. Dietary effects of n-
2. Docosahexaenoic acid is more potent inhibitor of osteoclast differentiation in RAW 264.7 cells than eicosapentaenoic acid. J. Cell. Physiol. 214(1), 201-209 (2008).
3. Eicosapentaenoic acid and prevention of thrombosis and atherosclerosis? Lancet 2(8081), 117-119 (1978).
4. A preliminary study on intravenous infusion of sodium eicosapentaenoate. Drug Dev. Ind. Pharm. 26(2), 189-191 (2000).
5. Therapeutic impact of eicosapentaenoic acid on ischemic brain damage following transient focal cerebral ischemia in rats. Brain Res. 1519, 95-104 (2013).