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Glycoursodeoxycholic acid-d4 (GUDCA-d4) is intended for use as an internal standard for the quantification of GUDCA (Item No. 21698) by GC- or LC-MS. GUDCA is a glycine-conjugated form of the secondary bile acid ursodeoxycholic acid (UDCA; Item No. 15121).1,2 It has antioxidant effects in vitro in Barrett’s esophagus cells and primary cultured rat neurons.3,4 GUDCA reduces the levels of inflammatory cytokines and prevents cell death induced by unconjugated bilirubin (Item No. 17161) in an astroglial cell model of neonatal hyperbilirubinemia.5 Oral administration of GUDCA (500 mg/kg per day) decreases the severity of symptoms and increases the amount of A. muciniphila, a commensal bacterial species commonly decreased in patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), in a mouse model of colitis.2
WARNING This product is not for human or veterinary use.
1. Role of bile acids and bile acid receptors in metabolic regulation. Physiol. Rev. 89(1), 147-191 (2009).
2. Ursodeoxycholic acid and its taurine-
3. Protective effects of glycoursodeoxycholic acid in Barrett’s esophagus cells. Dis. Esophagus 23(2), 83-93 (2010).
4. Bilirubin injury to neurons: Contribution of oxidative stress and rescue by glycoursodeoxycholic acid. Neurotoxicology 29(2), 259-269 (2008).
5. Glycoursodeoxycholic acid and interleukin-