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Item No. 31591

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Ganglioside GD1a is a sialic acid-containing glycosphingolipid that has been found in brain, erythrocytes, bone marrow, testis, spleen, and liver, as well as in serum lipoproteins.1,2 It is shed into the tumor microenvironment from the surface of tumor cells, where it influences tumor-host cell interactions to promote tumor cell proliferation, invasion, and metastasis.3 It functions as a toll-like receptor 2 (TLR2) co-receptor in isolated human monocytes, colocalizing with TLR2 and enhancing the binding of type IIb E. coli enterotoxin (LT-IIb-B5) to TLR2 when used at a concentration of 20 µM.4 Ganglioside GD1a (20 µM) increases VEGF-induced proliferation of human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs), as well as induces vascularization in a Matrigel™ plug assay in mice when used at a concentration of 20 µM/plug.3 It accumulates in the CNS of patients with galactosialidosis, a lysosomal storage disorder.5 This product contains ganglioside GD1a molecular species with primarily C18:0 fatty acyl chain lengths. As this product is derived from a natural source, there may be variations in the sphingoid backbone. [Matreya, LLC. Catalog No. 1062]
WARNING This product is not for human or veterinary use.
1. Gangliosides of various rat tissues: Distribution of ganglio-
2. Gangliosides in normal human serum. Concentration, pattern and transport by lipoproteins. Eur. J. Biochem. 181(3), 657-662 (1989).
3. Thematic review series: Sphingolipids. Ganglioside GM3 suppresses the proangiogenic effects of vascular endothelial growth factor and ganglioside GD1a. J. Lipid Res. 49(5), 929-938 (2008).
4. Ganglioside GD1a is an essential coreceptor for Toll-
5. Secondary accumulation of gangliosides in lysosomal storage disorders. Semin. Cell Dev. Biol. 15(4), 433-444 (2004).