DPP-4/CD26 Extracellular Domain (human, recombinant)

Dipeptidyl peptidase 4 (DPP-4), also known as CD26, is a type II transmembrane glycoprotein with a major role in glucose metabolism.¹ It is composed of a short cytoplasmic tail, a transmembrane domain, and a large extracellular domain, which contains a flexible stalk, glycosylation- and cysteine-rich regions, and a catalytic region. DPP-4 is expressed in endothelial and epithelial tissues, as well as T cells, activated B cells, activated natural killer (NK) cells, and myeloid cells. It functions as a homodimer that cleaves X-proline dipeptides from the N-terminus of various polypeptide substrates, such as GLP-1, to regulate glucose metabolism, immune responses, nociception, and blood pressure.^1,2,3 Additionally, DPP-4 acts as a co-stimulator of T cell receptor-mediated T cell activation and functional receptor for Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV).^1,4 Small molecule-induced inhibition of DPP-4 improves glucose tolerance in animal models of insulin resistance and has antihypertensive effects in various rodent models of hypertension.^2,3 Cayman's DPP-4/CD26 Extracellular Domain (human, recombinant) protein can be used for binding assays. This protein is a disulfide-linked homodimer. The reduced monomer, composed of DPP-4 (amino acids 29-766) fused to His-tagged human IgG1 Fc at its N-terminus, consists of 975 amino acids and has a calculated molecular weight of 112 kDa. As a result of glycosylation, the monomer migrates at approximately 120-130 kDa by SDS-PAGE under reducing conditions.

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1. Klemann, C., Wagner, L., Stephan, M., et al. Cut to the chase: A review of CD26/dipeptidyl peptidase-4’s (DPP4) entanglement in the immune system. Clin. Exp. Immunol. 185(1), 1-21 (2016).

2. Zhang, J., Chen, Q., Zhong, J., et al. DPP-4 inhibitors as potential candidates for antihypertensive therapy: Improving vascular inflammation and assisting the action of traditional antihypertensive drugs. Front. Immunol. 10, 1050 (2019).

3. Barnett, A. DPP-4 inhibitors and their potential role in the management of type 2 diabetes. Int. J. Clin. Pract. 60(11), 1454-1470 (2006).

4. Du, H., Wang, D.W., and Chen, C. The potential effects of DPP-4 inhibitors on cardiovascular system in COVID-19 patients. J. Cell. Mol. Med. 24(18), 10274-10278 (2020).