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Chemokine (C-X-C motif) ligand 12 (CXCL12) is a homeostatic chemokine and member of the CXC chemokine subfamily.1 Alternative splicing of CXCL12 produces six isoforms that exhibit isoform-specific tissue distribution.2 CXCL12α is ubiquitously expressed and is composed of an N-terminal receptor binding domain, a glycosaminoglycan-binding domain, and a C-terminal domain.1,2 CXCL12α binds to atypical chemokine receptor 3 (ACKR3) and chemokine (C-X-C motif) receptor 4 (CXCR4) to induced β-arrestin and G protein-coupled receptor signaling, respectively.1 It enhances hematopoietic progenitor cell survival and chemotaxis.3 CXCL12α promotes axonal elongation of primary spinal cord motor neurons and administration of an anti-Cxcl12α antibody delays neuromuscular nerve junction regeneration in a mouse model of α-latrotoxin-induced neuromuscular degeneration.4 Cayman's CXCL12α (human, recombinant) protein consists of 84 amino acids and has a calculated molecular weight of 10 kDa.
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1. The unique structural and functional features of CXCL12. Cell. Mol. Immunol. 15(4), 299-311 (2018).
2. Identification and expression of novel isoforms of human stromal cell-
3. A naturally occurring splice variant of CXCL12/stromal cell-
4. CXCL12α/SDF-