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Akuammidine is an indole alkaloid that has been found in P. nitida and has analgesic activity.1 It selectively binds to the μ-opioid receptor over the κ- and δ-opioid receptors (Kis = 0.32, 14.2, and 15 µM for the human receptors, respectively) and inhibits forskolin-induced cAMP production in HEK293 cells expressing the human μ-opioid receptor (IC50 = 3.14 µM). Akuammidine increases the latency to withdrawal in the tail-flick and hot plate tests in mice.
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1. Isolation and pharmacological characterization of six opioidergic Picralima nitida alkaloids. J. Nat. Prod. 84(1), 71-80 (2021).