Primin

Primin is a benzoquinone that has been found in P. obconica and has diverse biological activities.^1,2,3,4 It selectively inhibits COX-2 over COX-1 (IC₅₀s = 0.09 and 5.14 µM, respectively) and induces the production of adrenochrome from epinephrine, a marker of pro-oxidant activity, in a cell-free assay when used at a concentration of 8.81 µM.¹ Primin is active against T. brucei rhodesiense and L. donovani (IC₅₀s = 0.144 and 0.711 µM, respectively), as well as S. aureus (IC₅₀ = 8.94 µM).^2,3 In vivo, primin induces contact sensitization in guinea pigs.⁴

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1. Landa, P., Kutil, Z., Temml, V., et al. Redox and non-redox mechanism of in vitro cyclooxygenase inhibition by natural quinones. Planta Med. 78(4), 326-333 (2011).

2. Tasdemir, D., Brun, R., Yardley, V., et al. Antituberculotic and antiprotozoal activities of primin, a natural benzoquinone: In vitro and in vivo studies. Chem. Biodivers. 3(11), 1230-1237 (2006).

3. Viegas, F.P.D., Espuri, P.F., Oliver, J.C., et al. Leishmanicidal and antimicrobial activity of primin and primin-containing extracts from Miconia willdenowii. Fitoterapia 138, 104297 (2019).

4. Schulz, K.H., Garbe, I., Hausen, B.M., et al. The sensitizing capacity of naturally occurring quinones. Experimental studies in guinea pigs. II. Benzoquinones. Arch. Dermatol. Res. 264(3), 275-286 (1979).