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Paired box (Pax) protein 8 (Pax8) is a transcription factor and member of the Pax family that functions as both a transcriptional activator and repressor and has an essential role in thyroid development.1,2 It is composed of a DNA-binding paired domain, conserved octapeptide, partial homeodomain, transactivation domain, and an inhibitory domain.1,3 Alternative splicing of PAX8 pre-mRNA encoding the C-terminus results in five isoforms with varying DNA-binding capabilities and transcriptional activities.4 Pax8 is expressed during the mesenchymal-to-epithelial transition in the development of various organs and localizes to the nucleus. It is involved in cell survival, differentiation, and stem cell lineage commitment.1 Knockout of Pax8 produces smaller thyroids without follicles in mice.5 PAX8 mutations have been found in patients with thyroid dysgenesis, and chromosomal translocations leading to the fusion of PAX8 with PPARG, resulting in expression of Pax8-PPARγ fusion proteins, are associated with follicular thyroid carcinomas.2,6 Cayman's Pax8 (C-Term) Rabbit Monoclonal Antibody (Clone RM436) can be used for immunohistochemistry (IHC).
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1. A PANorama of PAX genes in cancer and developement. Nat. Rev. Cancer 6(1), 52-62 (2006).
2. PAX8 mutations associated with congenital hypothyroidism caused by thyroid dysgenesis. Nat. Genet. 19(1), 83-86 (1998).
3. Determination of functional domains of the human transcription factor PAX8 responsible for its nuclear localization and transactivating potential. Eur. J. Biochem. 247(3), 860-869 (1997).
4. Distinct functional properties of three human paired-
5. Follicular cells of the thyroid gland require Pax8 gene function. Nat. Genet. 19(1), 87-90 (1998).
6. PAX8-