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Salvigenin is a polyphenol flavonoid originally found in Alnus japonica with diverse biological activities.1,2,3 It inhibits hydrogen peroxide-induced apoptosis and reduces the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in SH-SY5Y human neuroblastoma cells when used at a concentration of 25 µM.2 Salvigenin (25 and 50 µM) decreases cleaved caspase-3 levels and the Bax/B cell lymphoma 2 (Bcl-2) ratio in SH-SY5Y cells. It reduces the viability of MCF-7 human breast cancer cells in a concentration-dependent manner.3 Salvigenin (3.65-9.68 µg/mouse per day) enhances the delayed-type hypersensitivity (DTH) response to sheep red blood cells in mice. It increases the production of IFN-γ induced by lysate antigens in isolated mouse splenocytes. Salvigenin (9.68 µg/mouse per day) reduces tumor growth in a spontaneous mouse mammary tumor (SMMT) model.
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1. Flavonoids from Alnus crispa, A. japonica, A. koehnei and A. sinuata. Phytochemistry 13(10), 2318-2319 (1974).
2. Increase of autophagy and attenuation of apoptosis by Salvigenin promote survival of SH-
3. Antitumor and immunomodulatory effects of salvigenin on tumor bearing mice. Cell. Immunol. 286(1-2), 16-21 (2013).