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Item No. 35826

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Adrenorphin is an octapeptide agonist of μ-opioid receptors that is involved in nociception.1,2 It is a C-terminally amidated cleavage product corresponding to amino acids 210-218 of human proenkephalin A. It was originally found in a human pheochromocytoma but has also been found in the rat adrenal medulla and the rat olfactory bulb, hypothalamus, and striatum, among other brain regions.1,3,4 Adrenorphin selectively binds to μ-opioid receptors over κ- and δ-opioid receptors (Kis = 0.12, 0.248, and 2.65 nM, respectively, in a radioligand binding assay).1 Intracerebroventricular administration of adrenorphin (6.1 nmol/animal) increases the latency to paw licking in the hot plate test in mice, indicating analgesic activity, an effect that can be reduced by the non-selective opioid receptor antagonist naloxone.2 It also induces respiratory depression in mice and rabbits (ED50s = 6 and 71.1 nmol/animal, respectively).
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1. Metorphamide: Isolation, structure, and biologic activity of an amidated opioid octapeptide from bovine brain. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 80(23), 7362-7366 (1983).
2. The analgesic and respiratory depressant actions of metorphamide in mice and rabbits. Neuropeptides 6(2), 121-131 (1985).
3. Adrenorphin immunoreactivity in rat brain. Neuropeptides 5(4-6), 517-520 (1985).
4. Distribution of immunoreactive metorphamide (adrenorphin) in discrete regions of the rat brain: Comparison with Met-