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Minoxidil sulfate is a hair follicle stimulator and an active metabolite of the vasodilator minoxidil (Item No. 15302).1 It is formed from minoxidil by sulfotransferase 1A1 (SULT1A1) in the liver and hair root sheath.2,3,4 Minoxidil sulfate binds to ATP sensitive K+ (KATP) channels in a biphasic manner in COS-7 cells expressing the human channel with IC50 values of 0.62 and 0.96 µM.5,6 It induces vasodilation in isolated rabbit mesenteric artery when used at a concentration of 5 µM.5
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1. Minoxidil sulfate is the active metabolite that stimulates hair follicles. J. Invest. Dermatol. 95(5), 553-557 (1990).
2. Sulfation of minoxidil by human liver phenol sulfotransferase. Biochem. Pharmacol. 40(5), 1027-1032 (1990).
3. Sulfation of minoxidil by human platelet sulfotransferase. Clin. Chim. Acta 169(2-3), 217-227 (1987).
4. Localization of minoxidil sulfotransferase in rat liver and the outer root sheath of anagen pelage and vibrissa follicles. J. Invest. Dermatol. 96(1), 65-70 (1991).
5. Role of protein sulfation in vasodilation induced by minoxidil sulfate, a K+ channel opener. J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther. 258(3), 1091-1097 (1991).
6. Potassium channel openers require ATP to bind to and act through sulfonylurea receptors. EMBO J. 17(19), 5529-5535 (1998).