A pro-atherogenic peptide
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Glucose-dependent Insulinotropic Peptide (22-51) (human) (trifluoroacetate salt)

Item No. 36968

Safety Data Sheet (SDS) (PDF)
Technical Information
Formal Name
L-α-glutamyl-L-lysyl-L-lysyl-L-α-glutamylglycyl-L-histidyl-L-phenylalanyl-L-seryl-L-alanyl-L-leucyl-L-prolyl-L-seryl-L-leucyl-L-prolyl-L-valylglycyl-L-seryl-L-histidyl-L-alanyl-L-lysyl-L-valyl-L-seryl-L-seryl-L-prolyl-L-glutaminyl-L-prolyl-L-arginylglycyl-L-prolyl-L-arginine, trifluoroacetate salt
Synonyms
  • GIP (22-51)
  • Gastric Inhibitory Peptide (22-51)
Molecular Formula
C140H226N44O41 • XCF3COOH
Formula Weight
3181.6
Purity
≥98%
Formulation (Request formulation change)
A solid
Peptide Sequence
EKKEGHFSALPSLPVGSHAKVSSPQPRGPR-OH
Solubility(Learn about Variance in Solubility)
Water: Soluble
SMILES
OC(C(F)(F)F)=O.O=C(O)CC[C@H](N[H])C(N[C@@H](CCCCN[H])C(N[C@@H](CCCCN[H])C(N[C@@H](CCC(O)=O)C(NCC(N[C@@H](CC1=CNC=N1)C(N[C@H](C(N[C@@H](CO)C(N[C@H](C(N[C@H](C(N2CCC[C@H]2C(N[C@@H](CO)C(N[C@H](C(N3CCC[C@H]3C(N[C@@H](C(C)C)C(NCC(N[C@@H](CO)C(N[C@@H](CC4=CNC=N4)C(N[C@H](C(N[C@@H](CCCCN[H])C(N[C@@H](C(C)C)C(N[C@@H](CO)C(N[C@@H](CO)C(N5CCC[C@H]5C(N[C@@H](CCC(N)=O)C(N6CCC[C@H]6C(N[C@@H](CCCNC(N)=N)C(NCC(N7CCC[C@H]7C(N[C@@H](CCCNC(N)=N)C(O)=O)=O)=O)=O)=O)=O)=O)=O)=O)=O)=O)=O)C)=O)=O)=O)=O)=O)=O)CC(C)C)=O)=O)=O)CC(C)C)=O)C)=O)=O)CC8=CC=CC=C8)=O)=O)=O)=O)=O)=O
InChi Code
InChI=1S/C140H226N44O41.C2HF3O2/c1-72(2)55-92(172-113(199)77(10)160-123(209)95(66-186)174-121(207)89(57-78-27-12-11-13-28-78)170-122(208)90(58-79-60-150-70-157-79)161-105(191)62-154-116(202)86(41-44-109(196)197)166-118(204)84(30-15-18-46-142)165-117(203)83(29-14-17-45-141)164-114(200)81(144)39-43-108(194)195)135(221)182-52-24-37-102(182)130(216)175-96(67-187)125(211)173-93(56-73(3)4)136(222)183-53-26-38-103(183)131(217)179-110(74(5)6)132(218)155-63-106(192)162-94(65-185)124(210)171-91(59-80-61-151-71-158-80)120(206)159-76(9)112(198)163-85(31-16-19-47-143)119(205)178-111(75(7)8)133(219)176-97(68-188)126(212)177-98(69-189)137(223)184-54-25-36-101(184)129(215)168-87(40-42-104(145)190)134(220)181-51-23-35-100(181)128(214)167-82(32-20-48-152-139(146)147)115(201)156-64-107(193)180-50-22-34-99(180)127(213)169-88(138(224)225)33-21-49-153-140(148)149;3-2(4,5)1(6)7/h11-13,27-28,60-61,70-77,81-103,110-111,185-189H,14-26,29-59,62-69,141-144H2,1-10H3,(H2,145,190)(H,150,157)(H,151,158)(H,154,202)(H,155,218)(H,156,201)(H,159,206)(H,160,209)(H,161,191)(H,162,192)(H,163,198)(H,164,200)(H,165,203)(H,166,204)(H,167,214)(H,168,215)(H,169,213)(H,170,208)(H,171,210)(H,172,199)(H,173,211)(H,174,207)(H,175,216)(H,176,219)(H,177,212)(H,178,205)(H,179,217)(H,194,195)(H,196,197)(H,224,225)(H4,146,147,152)(H4,148,149,153);(H,6,7)/t76-,77-,81-,82-,83-,84-,85-,86-,87-,88-,89-,90-,91-,92-,93-,94-,95-,96-,97-,98-,99-,100-,101-,102-,103-,110-,111-;/m0./s1
InChi Key
LGQWHOQJBGXSSP-GTJYJUBPSA-N
Shipping & Storage Information
Storage
-20°C
Shipping
Room temperature in continental US; may vary elsewhere
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    Product Description

    Glucose-dependent insulinotropic peptide (GIP) (22-51) is a pro-atherogenic 30-amino acid peptide corresponding to residues 22-51 of the GIP precursor protein proGIP that has been found in human plasma.1 It induces IκB-α degradation and NF-κB nuclear translocation in macrophage-differentiated THP-1 cells and isolated human aortic endothelial cells when used at a concentration of 1 µM. In vivo, GIP (22-51) increases atherosclerotic lesion area and plaque formation in ApoE-/- mice.

    WARNING This product is not for human or veterinary use.

    References & Product Citations
    Product Description References

    1. Masaki, T., Kodera, Y., Terasaki, M., et al. GIP_HUMAN[22-51] is a new proatherogenic peptide identified by native plasma peptidomics. Sci. Rep. 11(1), 14470 (2021).