ITGA2B/CD41 Chimeric Monoclonal Antibody (Clone 7E3 (Abciximab))

CD41, also known as integrin α2b (ITGA2B), is a protein subunit of the heterodimeric integrin αIIbβ3 complex.¹ It is composed of N-terminal extracellular β-propeller, thigh, calf-1, and calf-2 domains, a transmembrane domain, and a C-terminal cytoplasmic domain.² CD41 is expressed in platelets, as well as fetal hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells and a subtype of aging adult hematopoietic stem cells.^3,1 Signaling through the αIIbβ3 complex occurs via inside-out or outside-in mechanisms. Inside-out signaling occurs when a ligand binds and increases the affinity and avidity of the complex for ligands containing the Arg-Gly-Asp integrin recognition sequence, such as fibrinogen and von Willebrand factor, that are required for platelet aggregation and adhesion.³ Outside-in signaling of the αIIbβ3 complex regulates platelet spreading and plug formation and occurs due to integrin clustering or ligation and integration signaling from additional plasma membrane receptors. Various mutations in ITGA2B or ITGB3, the gene encoding CD61, the αIIbβ3 complex β3 subunit, lead to a loss of αIIbβ3 expression and are associated with Glanzmann thrombasthenia, a coagulation disorder characterized by impaired clotting, abnormal bleeding, and bruising.^2,4 Cayman’s ITGA2B/CD41 Chimeric Monoclonal Antibody (Clone 7E3 (Abciximab)) was produced recombinantly from the original 7E3 Fab antibody sequence and can be used for flow cytometry (FC). The 7E3 antibody was generated by immunization of mice with washed platelets, followed by fusion of the mouse spleen cells with a mouse myeloma cell line and subcloning.^5,6,7

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1. Gekas, C., and Graf, T. CD41 expression marks myeloid-biased adult hematopoietic stem cells and increases with age. Blood 121(22), 4463-4472 (2013).

2. Nurden, A.T., and Pillois, X. ITGA2B and ITGB3 gene mutations associated with Glanzmann thrombasthenia. Platelets 29(1), 98-101 (2018).

3. Shattil, S.J., Kashiwagi, H., and Pampori, N. Integrin signaling: The platelet paradigm. Blood 91(8), 2645-2657 (1998).

4. Nair, S., Ghosh, K., Kulkarni, B., et al. Glanzmann’s thrombasthenia: Updated. Platelets 13(7), 387-393 (2002).

5. EPIC Investigators, T. Use of a monoclonal antibody directed against the platelet glycoprotein IIb/IIIa receptor in high-risk coronary angioplasty. N. Engl. J. Med. 330(14), 956-961 (1994).

6. Coller, B.S. A new murine monoclonal antibody reports an activation-dependent change in the conformation and/or microenvironment of the platelet glycoprotein IIb/IIIa complex. J. Clin. Invest. 76(1), 101-108 (1985).

7. Coller, B.S., Peerschke, E.I., Scudder, L.E., et al. A murine monoclonal antibody that completely blocks the binding of fibrinogen to platelets produces a thrombasthenic-like state in normal platelets and binds to glycoproteins IIb and/or IIIa. J. Clin. Invest. 72(1), 325-338 (1983).