An L-lysine derivative
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Furosine (hydrochloride)

Item No. 38527

Product Insert (PDF)Safety Data Sheet (SDS) (PDF)
Technical Information
Formal Name
N6-[2-(2-furanyl)-2-oxoethyl]-L-lysine, dihydrochloride
CAS Number
157974-36-2
Molecular Formula
C12H18N2O4 • 2HCl
Formula Weight
327.2
Purity
≥95%
Formulation (Request formulation change)
A solid
Solubility(Learn about Variance in Solubility)
Acetonitrile: Slightly soluble: 0.1-1 mg/mlMethanol: Slightly soluble: 0.1-1 mg/mlWater: Slightly soluble: 0.1-1 mg/ml
SMILES
O=C(C1=CC=CO1)CNCCCC[C@H](N)C(O)=O.Cl.Cl
InChi Code
InChI=1S/C12H18N2O4.2ClH/c13-9(12(16)17)4-1-2-6-14-8-10(15)11-5-3-7-18-11;;/h3,5,7,9,14H,1-2,4,6,8,13H2,(H,16,17);2*1H/t9-;;/m0../s1
InChi Key
HRTZJJIVKJREPV-WWPIYYJJSA-N
Shipping & Storage Information
Storage
-20°C
Shipping
Room temperature in continental US; may vary elsewhere
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Certificates of Analysis & Batch Specific Data

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    1 mg

    $107

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    5 mg

    $321

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    Product Description

    Furosine is an L-lysine (Item No. 36455) derivative formed by the Maillard reaction and a marker of overheating in foods.1 It induces cell cycle arrest at the S phase in HEK293 and HepG2 cells when used at a concentration of 200 µM.2 Furosine (500 mg/kg per day) increases testicular atrophy and decreases testosterone levels in mice.3 Fingernail levels of furosine are increased in patients with diabetes mellitus.4 It has been found in high-temperature milk and microwaved cookies.1

    WARNING This product is not for human or veterinary use.

    References & Product Citations
    Product Description References

    1. Gökmen, V., Serpen, A., and Morales, F.J. Determination of furosine in thermally processed foods by hydrophilic interaction liquid chromatography. J. AOAC Int. 92(5), 1460-1463 (2009).

    2. Li, H.-Y., Xing, L., Wang, J.-Q., et al. Toxicology studies of furosine in vitro/in vivo and exploration of the related mechanism. Toxicol. Lett. 291, 101-111 (2018).

    3. Li, A., Wang, B., Yang, H., et al. Furosine posed toxic effects on primary sertoli cells through regulating Cep55/NF-κB/PI3K/Akt/FOX01/TNF-α pathway. Int. J. Mol. Sci. 20(15), 3716 (2019).

    4. Oimomi, M., Nishimoto, S., Kitamura, Y., et al. Increased fructose-lysine of nail protein and blood glucose control in diabetic patients. Horm. Metab. Res. 18(12), 827-829 (1986).