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VnP-16 is a synthetic peptide fragment that corresponds to amino acids 270-281 of vitronectin, a multifunctional glycoprotein with roles in cell attachment, migration, and spreading.1 It induces attachment and cell spreading of isolated human osteogenic cells, an effect that can be reversed by siRNA knockdown of β1 integrin, when applied to cell plates at a concentration of 9.1 µg/cm2. VnP-16 induces osteogenesis of human skin-derived mesenchymal precursors and MC3T3-E1 mouse calvarial osteoblast precursors. In vivo, VnP-16 decreases IL-1α-induced bone loss and decreases the number of calvarial osteoclasts in mice. It also increases bone mineral density and decreases trabecular bone loss in a mouse model of ovariectomy-induced bone loss.
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1. A vitronectin-